Nguyen Hung V-T, Chen Qixian, Paletta Joseph T, Harvey Peter, Jiang Yivan, Zhang Hui, Boska Michael D, Ottaviani M Francesca, Jasanoff Alan, Rajca Andrzej, Johnson Jeremiah A
Department of Chemistry, Department of Biological Engineering, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, and Department of Nuclear Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.
Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States.
ACS Cent Sci. 2017 Jul 26;3(7):800-811. doi: 10.1021/acscentsci.7b00253. Epub 2017 Jul 12.
Metal-free magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) agents could overcome the established toxicity associated with metal-based agents in some patient populations and enable new modes of functional MRI . Herein, we report nitroxide-functionalized brush-arm star polymer organic radical contrast agents (BASP-ORCAs) that overcome the low contrast and poor stability associated with nitroxide-based MRI contrast agents. As a consequence of their unique nanoarchitectures, BASP-ORCAs possess per-nitroxide transverse relaxivities up to ∼44-fold greater than common nitroxides, exceptional stability in highly reducing environments, and low toxicity. These features combine to provide for accumulation of a sufficient concentration of BASP-ORCA in murine subcutaneous tumors up to 20 h following systemic administration such that MRI contrast on par with metal-based agents is observed. BASP-ORCAs are, to our knowledge, the first nitroxide MRI contrast agents capable of tumor imaging over long time periods using clinical high-field H MRI techniques.
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