Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology and Functional Neurogenomics - Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari and Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Università di Milano, Milano, Italy.
Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology and Functional Neurogenomics - Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari and Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Università di Milano, Milano, Italy.
Trends Neurosci. 2017 Sep;40(9):525-535. doi: 10.1016/j.tins.2017.07.002. Epub 2017 Aug 1.
Stress is a primary risk factor for neuropsychiatric disorders; at times, even a single trauma can trigger psychopathology. Many rodent models of neuropsychiatric disorders use chronic stress, measuring readouts at the end of long protocols. In a way, traditional chronic models overlook a crucial question: how does the physiological response to stressor(s) turn into a maladaptive pathway that may verge towards psychopathology? Recent evidence suggests that studying the long-term consequences of acute stress would provide critical information on the role of stress in psychopathology. This new conceptual framework could enable us to understand the determinants of a pro-adaptive versus maladaptive trajectory of stress response, and also to study the mechanism of rapid-acting antidepressants, such as ketamine, that target the glutamate system directly.
压力是神经精神疾病的主要风险因素；有时，即使是单一的创伤也可能引发精神病理学。许多神经精神疾病的啮齿动物模型使用慢性应激，在长方案结束时测量读数。从某种意义上说，传统的慢性模型忽略了一个关键问题：压力源对生理的反应如何转变为可能接近精神病理学的适应不良途径？最近的证据表明，研究急性应激的长期后果将为应激在精神病理学中的作用提供关键信息。这个新的概念框架可以使我们能够理解应激反应的适应性和适应性轨迹的决定因素，也可以研究直接针对谷氨酸系统的快速作用抗抑郁药，如氯胺酮的机制。
