心力衰竭中的认知衰退：需要更多关注。
-Cognitive Decline in Heart Failure: More Attention is Needed.
作者信息
Čelutkienė Jelena, Vaitkevičius Arūnas, Jakštienė Silvija, Jatužis Dalius
机构信息
Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.
出版信息
Card Fail Rev. 2016 Nov;2(2):106-109. doi: 10.15420/cfr.2016:19:2.
Abstract
Cognitive decline is a prevalent condition and independent prognostic marker of unfavourable outcomes in patients with heart failure. The highest prevalence, up to 80 %, is reported in patients hospitalised due to acute decompensation. Numerous factors contribute to cognitive dysfunction in heart failure patients, with hypertension, atrial fibrillation, stroke and impaired haemodynamics being the most relevant. Cerebral hypoperfusion, disruption of blood-brain barrier, oxidative damage and brain-derived cytokines are pathogenic links between heart failure and alteration of cognitive functioning. White matter hyperintensities, lacunar infarcts and generalised volume loss are common features revealed by neuroimaging. Typically affected cognitive domains are presented. Assessment of cognitive functioning, even by simple screening tests, should be part of routine clinical examination of heart failure patients.
摘要
认知功能下降是心力衰竭患者中普遍存在的情况，也是不良预后的独立预测指标。据报道，因急性失代偿住院的患者患病率最高，可达80%。心力衰竭患者认知功能障碍的原因众多，其中高血压、心房颤动、中风和血流动力学受损最为相关。脑灌注不足、血脑屏障破坏、氧化损伤和脑源性细胞因子是心力衰竭与认知功能改变之间的致病联系。白质高信号、腔隙性梗死和全脑体积缩小是神经影像学显示的常见特征。文中列出了典型的受影响认知领域。即使通过简单的筛查测试对认知功能进行评估，也应成为心力衰竭患者常规临床检查的一部分。
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