Livestock Production Management, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute Southern Regional Station Bangalore, Bangalore, India.
Int J Biometeorol. 2017 Dec;61(12):2119-2125. doi: 10.1007/s00484-017-1415-0. Epub 2017 Aug 9.
The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of non-genetic factors on scrotal thermographic profile viz., proximal pole temperature (PPT °C), mid pole temperature (MPT °C), distal pole temperature (DPT °C) and ocular temperature (OcT) of Murrah (Bubalus bubalis) breeding bulls. A total of 109 buffalo bulls, maintained at three semen stations (SS), were monitored for scrotal surface and ocular temperatures using infrared thermography twice daily during rainy, winter and summer seasons using an FLIR i5 infrared camera and temperatures were measured. Thermograms were analysed by FLIR QuickReport v.1.2 SP2 software. Statistical analysis revealed that semen station, season, temperature humidity index (THI), housing system and timing of observations had significant (P < 0.05) effect on scrotal surface temperature (SST) and OcT. In SS-I, the PPT and MPT were significantly (P < 0.05) higher as compared to SS-II and SS-III. THI had significant (P < 0.05) effect on SST and OcT, whereas PPT (°C), MPT (°C), DPT (°C) and OcT (°C) values during high THI (>80.88; <0.05) period were higher as compared to medium THI period (70.06-80.88) and during low THI period (<70.06). Temperature gradient (TG) of the testes was significantly (P < 0.05) higher during low THI period (4.50 ± 0.06 °C) as compared to medium THI (2.38 ± 0.03 °C) and high THI (1.61 ± 0.05 °C). Season of the year had a significant effect (P < 0.05) on the SST and OcT. During the rainy season, PPT (34.50 ± 0.09 °C), MPT (33.44 ± 0.12 °C) and DPT (32.11 ± 0.15 °C) were significantly (P < 0.05) higher as compared to winter and summer seasons. Age of the bulls had non-significant effect on SST and OcT but had a marked influence on thermal profile of scrotum. It could be concluded semen station, season, temperature humidity index, housing system and timing of observations had a significant influence on scrotal surface temperature. The monitoring of scrotal surface temperature by infrared thermography was found to be useful in evaluating the effects of thermal stress on physiology and health of buffalo bulls.
本研究旨在探讨非遗传因素对阴囊热成像图谱的影响，即近端极温度（PPT°C）、中极温度（MPT°C）、远端极温度（DPT°C）和眼部温度（OcT）。对三个精液站（SS）的 109 头印度野牛公牛进行了阴囊表面和眼部温度监测，在雨季、冬季和夏季，使用 FLIR i5 红外摄像机每天两次进行红外线热成像，测量温度。使用 FLIR QuickReport v.1.2 SP2 软件分析热图像。统计分析表明，精液站、季节、温度湿度指数（THI）、住房系统和观测时间对阴囊表面温度（SST）和 OcT 有显著影响（P<0.05）。在 SS-I 中，与 SS-II 和 SS-III 相比，PPT 和 MPT 显著较高（P<0.05）。THI 对 SST 和 OcT 有显著影响，而高 THI（>80.88；<0.05）期间的 PPT（°C）、MPT（°C）、DPT（°C）和 OcT（°C）值高于中 THI 期（70.06-80.88）和低 THI 期（<70.06）。睾丸温度梯度（TG）在低 THI 期（4.50±0.06°C）显著较高（P<0.05），而在中 THI 期（2.38±0.03°C）和高 THI 期（1.61±0.05°C）较低。年度季节对 SST 和 OcT 有显著影响（P<0.05）。在雨季，与冬季和夏季相比，PPT（34.50±0.09°C）、MPT（33.44±0.12°C）和 DPT（32.11±0.15°C）显著较高（P<0.05）。公牛的年龄对 SST 和 OcT 没有显著影响，但对阴囊的热图有显著影响。可以得出结论，精液站、季节、温度湿度指数、住房系统和观测时间对阴囊表面温度有显著影响。通过红外线热成像监测阴囊表面温度被发现对评估热应激对水牛公牛生理和健康的影响是有用的。
