Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Department of Dermatology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Int J Dermatol. 2017 Dec;56(12):1414-1420. doi: 10.1111/ijd.13716. Epub 2017 Aug 9.
Skin diseases among indigenous populations have been poorly described in the literature. Risk factors linked to habits, cultural practices, genetics, and environmental characteristics can influence the frequency and clinical presentation of these diseases.
This was a cross-sectional study conducted through a review of dermatological medical records. Data were obtained over three visits to Xingu Indigenous Park (XIP). Main dermatoses were compared by gender, age, ethnicity, and village. Diseases were classified into four groups: infectious, inflammatory, neoplastic, and other.
Of the 398 patients included in the study, 54.2% were female. The participants ranged in age from 1 to 75 years (median, 10 years). The predominant ethnic group was Caiabi (49.7%), followed by Ikpeng (14.3%) and Kamaiurá (10.0%). The primary village studied was Diauarum, followed by Moigú and Morena. Infectious dermatoses were the most frequent (43.8%), followed by inflammatory (33.7%), neoplastic (15.5%), and other skin diseases (7.0%). Infectious diseases were predominant in Caiabi and Kamaiurá Indians, whereas inflammatory skin diseases were more frequent in Ikpeng and Juruna populations. We also observed a high frequency of malignancy in the Ikpeng and Trumai ethnic groups. Infectious skin diseases, except for fungal infections, were frequent in younger age groups. This trend was not replicated for neoplastic skin diseases. Uncommon dermatoses such as Heck's disease, lichen striatus, and aquagenic urticaria were also observed. Jorge Lobo's disease was not included in this analysis.
Improved knowledge of the distribution of common dermatoses among different ethnic groups and villages in XIP will aid in the prevention of skin infections and skin cancer. This improved knowledge will also allow the development of skin disease guidelines that can help local indigenous health professionals.
土著人群中的皮肤疾病在文献中描述甚少。与习惯、文化习俗、遗传和环境特征相关的风险因素会影响这些疾病的频率和临床表现。
这是一项通过审查皮肤科病历进行的横断面研究。数据是在三次访问欣古土著公园（Xingu Indigenous Park，XIP）期间获得的。主要皮肤病按性别、年龄、种族和村庄进行比较。疾病分为四类：感染性、炎症性、肿瘤性和其他。
在纳入研究的 398 名患者中，54.2%为女性。参与者年龄从 1 岁至 75 岁不等（中位数为 10 岁）。主要种族群体是卡瓦伊（Caiabi）（49.7%），其次是伊克彭（Ikpeng）（14.3%）和卡马尤拉（Kamaiurá）（10.0%）。研究的主要村庄是迪亚瓦鲁姆（Diauarum），其次是莫伊古（Moigú）和莫雷纳（Morena）。感染性皮肤病最为常见（43.8%），其次是炎症性（33.7%）、肿瘤性（15.5%）和其他皮肤病（7.0%）。感染性疾病在卡瓦伊人和卡马尤拉人中更为常见，而炎症性皮肤疾病在伊克彭人和茹鲁纳人中更为常见。我们还观察到伊克彭人和特鲁迈族人群中恶性肿瘤的发病率较高。感染性皮肤病（除真菌感染外）在年龄较小的人群中更为常见。这种趋势在肿瘤性皮肤病中并未得到复制。罕见皮肤病，如赫克氏病、线状苔藓和水过敏性荨麻疹也有观察到。豪克氏病未包含在本分析中。
提高对 XIP 不同种族和村庄常见皮肤病分布的认识，将有助于预防皮肤感染和皮肤癌。这种认识的提高也将有助于制定皮肤疾病指南，帮助当地土著卫生专业人员。
