López Campos José Ángel, Segade Robleda Abraham, Vilán Vilán José Antonio, García Nieto Paulino José, Blanco Cordero Javier
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Vigo, Vigo 36203, Spain.
Department of Mathematics, University of Oviedo, Faculty of Sciences, C/Calvo Sotelo s/n, Oviedo 33007, Spain.
Materials (Basel). 2015 Oct 10;8(10):6893-6908. doi: 10.3390/ma8105345.
Current knowledge of the behavior of heavy quadricycles under impact is still very poor. One of the most significant causes is the lack of energy absorption in the vehicle frame or its steel chassis structure. For this reason, special steels (with yield stresses equal to or greater than 350 MPa) are commonly used in the automotive industry due to their great strain hardening properties along the plastic zone, which allows good energy absorption under impact. This paper presents a proposal for a steel quadricycle energy absorption system which meets the percentages of energy absorption for conventional vehicles systems. This proposal is validated by explicit dynamics simulation, which will define the whole problem mathematically and verify behavior under impact at speeds of 40 km/h and 56 km/h using the finite element method (FEM). One of the main consequences of this study is that this FEM-based methodology can tackle high nonlinear problems like this one with success, avoiding the need to carry out experimental tests, with consequent economical savings since experimental tests are very expensive. Finally, the conclusions from this innovative research work are given.
目前对于重型四轮车在碰撞时的行为的了解仍然非常有限。最重要的原因之一是车架或其钢制底盘结构中缺乏能量吸收能力。因此，由于特殊钢在塑性区具有很大的应变硬化特性，能够在碰撞时实现良好的能量吸收，所以在汽车工业中通常使用屈服应力等于或大于350兆帕的特殊钢。本文提出了一种钢制四轮车能量吸收系统的方案，该方案满足传统车辆系统的能量吸收百分比。该方案通过显式动力学模拟进行了验证，模拟将用数学方法定义整个问题，并使用有限元方法（FEM）验证在40公里/小时和56公里/小时速度下的碰撞行为。这项研究的一个主要成果是，这种基于有限元方法的方法能够成功解决此类高度非线性问题，避免了进行实验测试的需要，由于实验测试非常昂贵，从而节省了成本。最后，给出了这项创新性研究工作的结论。
