1 Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University , Frankfurt am Main, Germany .
2 German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) , Partner site Rhein-Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany .
Antioxid Redox Signal. 2018 Sep 20;29(9):902-921. doi: 10.1089/ars.2017.7289. Epub 2017 Sep 8.
Platelets are anucleate blood cells that are involved in hemostasis and thrombosis. Although no longer able to generate ribonucleic acid (RNA) de novo, platelets contain messenger RNA (mRNA), YRNA fragments, and premature microRNAs (miRNAs) that they inherit from megakaryocytes. Recent Advances: Novel sequencing techniques have helped identify the unexpectedly large number of RNA species present in platelets. Throughout their life time, platelets can process the pre-existing pool of premature miRNA to give the fully functional miRNA that can regulate platelet protein expression and function.
Platelets make a major contribution to the circulating miRNA pool but platelet activation can have major consequences on Dicer levels and thus miRNA maturation, which has implications for studies that are focused on screening-stored platelets.
It will be important to determine the importance of platelets as donors for miRNA-containing microvesicles that can be taken up and processed by other (particularly vascular) cells, thus contributing to homeostasis as well as disease progression. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 29, 902-921.
血小板是一种无核的血细胞，参与止血和血栓形成。尽管血小板不再能够从头合成核糖核酸（RNA），但它们含有信使 RNA（mRNA）、YRNA 片段和来自巨核细胞的前体 microRNAs（miRNAs）。
新的测序技术帮助鉴定了血小板中存在的数量惊人的 RNA 种类。在其整个生命周期中，血小板可以处理前体 miRNA 的现有池，以产生可以调节血小板蛋白表达和功能的完全功能的 miRNA。
血小板对循环 miRNA 池有很大的贡献，但血小板的激活会对 Dicer 水平产生重大影响，从而影响 miRNA 的成熟，这对专注于筛选储存血小板的研究有影响。
确定血小板作为含有 miRNA 的微泡的供体的重要性非常重要，这些微泡可以被其他（特别是血管）细胞摄取和处理，从而有助于维持体内平衡和疾病进展。抗氧化。氧化还原信号。29，902-921。
