Oswald Wolf D, Gunzelmann Thomas, Rupprecht Roland, Hagen Bernd
Institute for Psychogerontology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Wallensteinstraße 61-63, 90431 Nürnberg, Germany.
Institute for Psychogerontology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Nägelsbachstraße 25, 91052 Erlangen, Nürnberg, Germany.
Eur J Ageing. 2006 Nov 10;3(4):179. doi: 10.1007/s10433-006-0035-z. eCollection 2006 Dec.
The present study evaluates the effect of cognitive training, of psychoeducational training and of physical training on cognitive functioning, physical functioning, physical health, independent living and well-being in older people. Also the combination of physical training with cognitive training or psychoeducational training, respectively, was evaluated. In contrast to most training studies with older people, training effects were evaluated in a longitudinal perspective over 5 years to analyse long-term-results of cognitive and physical activity on older adults. Training effects were evaluated compared to a no-treatment-control group. Subjects were 375 community residents aged 75-93 years. Up to 5 years after baseline examination, significant training effects were observed in the group exposed to the combined cognitive and physical training. The physical and cognitive status in the participants of this group could be preserved on a higher level compared to baseline, and the participants displayed fewer depressive symptoms than the no-treatment-control group. The results are discussed in the light of recent research regarding the effects of mental and physical activity on brain function in older adults.
本研究评估了认知训练、心理教育训练和体育训练对老年人认知功能、身体功能、身体健康、独立生活能力和幸福感的影响。同时，还分别评估了体育训练与认知训练或心理教育训练相结合的效果。与大多数针对老年人的训练研究不同，本研究从纵向角度对训练效果进行了为期5年的评估，以分析认知和体育活动对老年人的长期影响。与未接受治疗的对照组相比，对训练效果进行了评估。研究对象为375名年龄在75至93岁之间的社区居民。在基线检查后的5年时间里，在接受认知和体育联合训练的组中观察到了显著的训练效果。与基线相比，该组参与者的身体和认知状态能够维持在更高水平，且与未接受治疗的对照组相比，参与者表现出的抑郁症状更少。结合近期有关心理和体育活动对老年人脑功能影响的研究对结果进行了讨论。
