Schipke Jochen D, Cleveland Sinclair, Drees Markus
a Research Group Experimental Surgery , University Hospital Düsseldorf , Düsseldorf , Germany.
b Institute of Neuro- and Sensory Physiology , Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf , Düsseldorf , Germany.
Res Sports Med. 2018 Jan-Mar;26(1):124-137. doi: 10.1080/15438627.2017.1365292. Epub 2017 Aug 10.
About 50% of scuba divers have suffered from barotrauma of the ears and about one-third from barotrauma of paranasal sinuses. The sphenoid sinuses are rarely involved. Vital structures, as internal carotid artery and optic nerve, adjoin the sphenoid sinus. Thus, barotrauma could lead to serious neurologic disorders, including blindness. After searching the literature (Medline) and other sources (Internet), we present some cases of sphenoid sinus barotrauma, because these injuries may be underreported and misdiagnosed due to the lack of awareness and knowledge. Therefore, information is provided, e.g. on anatomical and pathophysiological features. Divers and physicians should have in mind that occasional headache during or after diving sometimes signals serious neurological disorders like vision loss. We show that injuries can develop from both negative and positive pressures in the sinuses. Because visual recovery depends on prompt diagnosis and proper therapy, physicians like otolaryngologists, ophthalmologists and neurologists need to closely collaborate.
约50%的水肺潜水者曾患耳部气压伤，约三分之一曾患鼻窦气压伤。蝶窦很少受累。重要结构，如颈内动脉和视神经，毗邻蝶窦。因此，气压伤可能导致严重的神经系统疾病，包括失明。在检索文献（医学文献数据库）和其他来源（互联网）后，我们呈现一些蝶窦气压伤病例，因为这些损伤可能因缺乏认识和了解而报告不足及误诊。因此，提供了一些信息，如关于解剖学和病理生理学特征的信息。潜水者和医生应牢记，潜水期间或之后偶尔出现的头痛有时预示着严重的神经系统疾病，如视力丧失。我们表明，鼻窦内的负压和正压均可导致损伤。由于视力恢复取决于及时诊断和恰当治疗，耳鼻喉科医生、眼科医生和神经科医生等医生需要密切协作。
