Gharaei Niayesh, Abu Bakar Kamalrulnizam, Mohd Hashim Siti Zaiton, Hosseingholi Pourasl Ali, Siraj Mohammad, Darwish Tasneem
Faculty of Computing, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), 81310 Skudai, Johor, Malaysia.
Sensors (Basel). 2017 Aug 11;17(8):1858. doi: 10.3390/s17081858.
Network lifetime and energy efficiency are crucial performance metrics used to evaluate wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Decreasing and balancing the energy consumption of nodes can be employed to increase network lifetime. In cluster-based WSNs, one objective of applying clustering is to decrease the energy consumption of the network. In fact, the clustering technique will be considered effective if the energy consumed by sensor nodes decreases after applying clustering, however, this aim will not be achieved if the cluster size is not properly chosen. Therefore, in this paper, the energy consumption of nodes, before clustering, is considered to determine the optimal cluster size. A two-stage Genetic Algorithm (GA) is employed to determine the optimal interval of cluster size and derive the exact value from the interval. Furthermore, the energy hole is an inherent problem which leads to a remarkable decrease in the network's lifespan. This problem stems from the asynchronous energy depletion of nodes located in different layers of the network. For this reason, we propose Circular Motion of Mobile-Sink with Varied Velocity Algorithm (CM2SV2) to balance the energy consumption ratio of cluster heads (CH). According to the results, these strategies could largely increase the network's lifetime by decreasing the energy consumption of sensors and balancing the energy consumption among CHs.
网络寿命和能源效率是用于评估无线传感器网络（WSN）的关键性能指标。可以通过降低和平衡节点的能量消耗来延长网络寿命。在基于簇的无线传感器网络中，应用聚类的一个目标是降低网络的能量消耗。事实上，如果应用聚类后传感器节点的能量消耗降低，那么聚类技术将被认为是有效的，然而，如果簇大小选择不当，这一目标将无法实现。因此，在本文中，在进行聚类之前考虑节点的能量消耗以确定最优簇大小。采用两阶段遗传算法（GA）来确定簇大小的最优区间，并从该区间得出精确值。此外，能量空洞是一个固有问题，它会导致网络寿命显著缩短。这个问题源于位于网络不同层的节点的异步能量消耗。因此，我们提出了变速移动汇聚节点圆周运动算法（CM2SV2）来平衡簇头（CH）的能量消耗率。根据结果，这些策略可以通过降低传感器的能量消耗和平衡簇头之间的能量消耗，在很大程度上延长网络寿命。
