Bergomi Margherita, Modenese Alberto, Ferretti Enrica, Ferrari Angela, Licitra Giuseppe, Vivoli Roberto, Gobba Fabriziomaria, Aggazzotti Gabriella
Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.
Work. 2017;57(3):433-440. doi: 10.3233/WOR-172581.
Several studies have shown that professional drivers are at risk of developing work-related stress. Stress may be responsible for a variety of adverse effects and may also be associated with an increased number of accidents.
Perform an integrated, objective and subjective evaluation of work-related stress in bus drivers, that also considered the role of personality traits.
Salivary α-amylase and cortisol were measured in 42 bus drivers. Subjective stress evaluation was performed with the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) and Driver Stress Inventory (DSI). To evaluate personality traits, we administered the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire-Revised (EPQ-R) and the Impulsivity Inventory (IVE).
Salivary biomarkers showed no associations with PSS-10 and personality traits. Cortisol levels were positively correlated with fatigue (r = 0.44) at the middle of the work-shift and with aggression (r = 0.51) at the end of a day off. At the end of the work-shift, cortisol levels were negatively correlated with hazard monitoring (r = -0.37) and salivary α-amylase was positively correlated with thrill-seeking (r = 0.36). Neuroticism (β= 0.44) and impulsiveness (β= 0.38) were predictors of perceived stress by multiple regression.
An integrated method, considering both objective and subjective indicators, seems adequate to evaluate work-related stress in professional drivers. Personality traits are relevant in determining perception of stress.
多项研究表明，职业司机面临与工作相关压力的风险。压力可能导致各种不良影响，还可能与事故数量增加有关。
对公交车司机与工作相关的压力进行综合、客观和主观评估，同时考虑人格特质的作用。
对42名公交车司机测量唾液α-淀粉酶和皮质醇。使用感知压力量表（PSS-10）和驾驶员压力量表（DSI）进行主观压力评估。为评估人格特质，我们使用了艾森克人格问卷修订版（EPQ-R）和冲动性量表（IVE）。
唾液生物标志物与PSS-10和人格特质无关联。皮质醇水平在轮班中期与疲劳呈正相关（r = 0.44），在休息日结束时与攻击性呈正相关（r = 0.51）。在轮班结束时，皮质醇水平与危险监测呈负相关（r = -0.37），唾液α-淀粉酶与寻求刺激呈正相关（r = 0.36）。通过多元回归分析，神经质（β = 0.44）和冲动性（β = 0.38）是感知压力的预测因素。
一种综合考虑客观和主观指标的方法似乎足以评估职业司机与工作相关的压力。人格特质在确定压力感知方面具有相关性。
