SLT Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, C.G. 495009, India.
SLT Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya, Bilaspur, C.G. 495009, India.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2017 Oct;94:747-757. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.141. Epub 2017 Aug 8.
Cysteine protease (papain) is a plant derived enzyme and due to its collagenolytic activity has potential in fibrosis reduction. However, a major hurdle in its use as fibrosis reducing agent is to overcome stratum corneum skin barrier via topical application, owing to its hydrophilic and high molecular weight and protein nature which is prone to degradation. The aim of the present study was to develop a penetration enhancer incorporated drug delivery system, i.e. propylene glycol (PG) liposomes, loaded with papain for application in fibrosis therapy. Papain loaded PG-liposomes were prepared by the solvent injection method and characterized by size, shape, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, drug release and stability. Papain conformational changes due to process stress were evaluated by electrophoresis and fluorescence spectroscopy. Biological evaluation was carried out in rodents by skin irritation and percent fibrosis reduction assays following induction of fibrosis arisen due to controlled second degree burn. Papain loaded PG-liposomes had mean vesicle size 180±30.3, zeta potential -25±1, polydispersity index 0.181 and 85±4.3% entrapment efficiency. Cumulative drug release after 8h was found to be 74.26±3.0%. SDS-PAGE and fluorescence spectroscopic studies confirmed the stability of papain after incorporation in PG-liposomes. Fibrosis reduction studies in animal models revealed that PG-liposomes incorporated papain improved fibrosis reduction significantly in comparison to conventional liposomes and free papain solution (p <0.05). Data suggest that propylene glycol incorporated liposomal system enhances papain proteolytic and collagenolytic activity along with a reduction in skin irritancy via preventing direct contact of papain with skin, improves papain therapeutic fibrosis reduction potential, an approach that may provide an efficient alternative for protease mediated fibrosis reduction in a variety of demanding circumstances.
半胱氨酸蛋白酶(木瓜蛋白酶)是一种植物来源的酶,由于其胶原分解活性,具有减少纤维化的潜力。然而,作为减少纤维化的药物,其主要障碍是通过局部应用来克服角质层皮肤屏障,因为其亲水性、高分子量和蛋白质性质容易被降解。本研究旨在开发一种渗透增强剂结合的药物传递系统,即丙二醇(PG)脂质体,负载木瓜蛋白酶用于纤维化治疗。采用溶剂注入法制备负载木瓜蛋白酶的 PG 脂质体,并通过粒径、形态、Zeta 电位、包封率、药物释放和稳定性进行评价。通过电泳和荧光光谱法评价了加工过程中木瓜蛋白酶构象的变化。在控制二度烧伤引起纤维化的啮齿动物中进行了生物学评价,通过皮肤刺激和纤维化百分比减少试验来评价。负载木瓜蛋白酶的 PG 脂质体的平均囊泡大小为 180±30.3nm,Zeta 电位为-25±1mV,多分散指数为 0.181,包封率为 85±4.3%。8 小时后累积药物释放率为 74.26±3.0%。SDS-PAGE 和荧光光谱研究证实了木瓜蛋白酶在 PG 脂质体中的稳定性。动物模型的纤维化减少研究表明,与传统脂质体和游离木瓜蛋白酶溶液相比,PG 脂质体负载的木瓜蛋白酶显著提高了纤维化减少(p<0.05)。数据表明,丙二醇结合的脂质体系统通过防止木瓜蛋白酶与皮肤直接接触,增强了木瓜蛋白酶的蛋白水解和胶原分解活性,同时减少了皮肤刺激性,提高了木瓜蛋白酶治疗纤维化减少的潜力,这种方法可能为各种苛刻情况下的蛋白酶介导的纤维化减少提供一种有效的替代方法。
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