Crean College of Health and Behavioral Sciences, Chapman University, Orange, CA, United States.
Crean College of Health and Behavioral Sciences, Chapman University, Orange, CA, United States.
Body Image. 2017 Sep;22:156-165. doi: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2017.07.002. Epub 2017 Aug 9.
The precarious manhood perspective proposes that men respond with aggression when they experience threats to their masculinity. Consistent with this view, we hypothesized that men would represent themselves as stronger and more formidable after their masculinity was threatened. A recent study, however, found that men reported less physical strength when threatened (Hunt, Gonsalkorale, & Murray, 2013). In the current two studies (Ns=193; 450), men were given false feedback about whether they were substantially less masculine (masculinity threatened) or more masculine than average (masculinity reassured). Men reported how much weight they could curl, how many push-ups they could complete, and/or measures of satisfaction with muscularity. In most analyses, threatened men reported greater strength than reassured men. Effects of masculinity threat on muscle dissatisfaction varied by outcome measure. The studies highlight the importance of replication studies, and of using experimental approaches to understand connections between precarious manhood and male body image.
不稳定的男子气概观点认为，当男性感受到对其男子气概的威胁时，他们会以攻击性回应。根据这一观点，我们假设当男性的男子气概受到威胁时，他们会表现出更强壮和更令人生畏的形象。然而，最近的一项研究发现，当受到威胁时，男性报告的体力会减少（Hunt、Gonsalkorale 和 Murray，2013）。在当前的两项研究中（N=193；450），男性会收到关于他们是否明显缺乏男子气概（男子气概受到威胁）或比平均水平更具男子气概（男子气概得到肯定）的虚假反馈。男性会报告他们能卷曲多少重量，能完成多少俯卧撑，以及/或对肌肉满意度的衡量标准。在大多数分析中，受到威胁的男性报告的力量比得到肯定的男性更大。男子气概威胁对肌肉不满的影响因结果衡量标准而异。这些研究强调了复制研究的重要性，以及使用实验方法来理解不稳定的男子气概和男性身体形象之间的联系。
