Rév Ambrus, Tóth Brigitta, Solti Ádám, Sipos Gyula, Fodor Ferenc
Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, 1 Egyetem Sq., H-4010 Debrecen, Hungary.
Department of Botany, Crop Physiology and Biotechnology, Institute of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, 138 Böszörményi Str., H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary.
Plant Physiol Biochem. 2017 Sep;118:627-633. doi: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.07.027. Epub 2017 Aug 1.
Sewage sludge (SS) originating from communal wastewater is a hazardous material but have a potentially great nutritive value. Its disposal after treatment in agricultural lands can be a very economical and safe way of utilization once fast growing, high biomass, perennial plants of renewable energy production are cultivated. Szarvasi-1 energy grass (Elymus elongatus subsp. ponticus cv. Szarvasi-1), a good candidate for this application, was grown in hydroponics in order to assess its metal accumulation and tolerance under increasing SS amendments. The applied SS had a composition characteristic to SS from communal wastes and did not contain any toxic heavy metal contamination from industrial sludge in high concentration. Toxic effects was assessed in quarter strength Hoagland nutrient solution and only the two highest doses (12.5-18.75 g dm) caused decreases in root growth, shoot water content and length and stomatal conductance whereas shoot growth, root water content, chlorophyll concentration and the maximal quantum efficiency of photosystem II was unaffected. Shoot K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Zn and Cu content decreased but Na and Ni increased in the shoot compared to the unamended control. The nutritive effect was tested in 1/40 strength Hoagland solution and only the highest dose (12.5 g dm) decreased root growth and stomatal conductance significantly while lower doses (1.25-6.25 g dm) had a stimulative effect. Shoot K, Na, Fe and Ni increased and Ca, Mg, Mn, Zn and Cu decreased in this treatment. It was concluded that SS with low heavy metal content can be a potentially good fertilizer for high biomass non-food crops such as Szarvasi-1 energy grass.
源自城市污水的污泥（SS）是一种有害物质，但具有潜在的巨大营养价值。一旦种植快速生长、高生物量的多年生可再生能源生产植物，经处理后在农田中处置污泥是一种非常经济且安全的利用方式。萨尔瓦西 - 1能源草（Elymus elongatus subsp. ponticus cv. Szarvasi - 1）是这种应用的良好候选植物，为了评估其在增加污泥施用量情况下的金属积累和耐受性，在水培条件下进行种植。所施用的污泥具有城市污水污泥的组成特征，且不含有来自工业污泥的任何高浓度有毒重金属污染。在四分之一强度的霍格兰营养液中评估毒性效应，只有两个最高剂量（12.5 - 18.75 g/dm）导致根生长、地上部含水量和长度以及气孔导度下降，而地上部生长、根含水量、叶绿素浓度和光系统II的最大量子效率未受影响。与未添加污泥的对照相比，地上部的钾、钙、镁、锰、锌和铜含量下降，但钠和镍含量增加。在四十分之一强度的霍格兰溶液中测试营养效应，只有最高剂量（12.5 g/dm）显著降低根生长和气孔导度，而较低剂量（1.25 - 6.25 g/dm）具有刺激作用。在此处理中，地上部的钾、钠、铁和镍增加，而钙、镁、锰、锌和铜下降。得出的结论是，低重金属含量的污泥对于像萨尔瓦西 - 1能源草这样的高生物量非粮食作物可能是一种潜在的优质肥料。
