Ng'eno Bernadette N, Perrine Cria G, Subedi Giri Raj, Mebrahtu Saba, Dahal Pradiumna, Jefferds Maria Elena D
1 Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA.
2 Ministry of Health and Population, Kathmandu, Nepal.
Food Nutr Bull. 2017 Sep;38(3):441-446. doi: 10.1177/0379572117709822. Epub 2017 Aug 14.
Assessing micronutrient powder (MNP) consumption is the key for monitoring program performance; no gold standard exists for assessing consumption in nutrition programs.
To compare estimates of MNP consumption assessed by maternal report versus observed unopened MNP sachets in the household.
Cross-sectional household surveys of children aged 6 to 23 months were conducted to assess an MNP project in Nepal; eligible children received 60 sachets per distribution. Mothers reported the number of sachets consumed and showed unused sachets. Directly observed difference (DOD) of MNP consumption was calculated by subtracting the number of observed unopened sachets from 60. Spearman correlation coefficient, categories of MNP consumption, and end digit preference were assessed.
A total of 205 mothers did not show remaining unopened sachets despite reporting that all were not consumed. For the remaining 605 children, median consumption was 60.0 sachets by DOD and maternal report; the correlation coefficient was 0.91. With consumption grouped into categories of 0 to 14, 15 to 29, 30 to 44, and 45 to 60 sachets, the percent categorized into the same groupings by DOD and maternal report was 100%, 80.6%, 80.7%, and 91.2%, respectively. Excluding those who consumed 60 sachets, 16.9% and 8.0% by report and 14.2% and 6.1% DOD, ended with 0 and 5, respectively.
Had the observation of unused sachets been used alone to assess MNP consumption, 205 children would not have been assessed. Estimates of MNP consumption by DOD and maternal report were similar in this population with high intake adherence.
评估微量营养素粉（MNP）的摄入量是监测项目实施情况的关键；在营养项目中，不存在评估摄入量的金标准。
比较通过母亲报告评估的MNP摄入量与家庭中观察到的未开封MNP小袋数量。
对6至23个月大的儿童进行横断面家庭调查，以评估尼泊尔的一个MNP项目；符合条件的儿童每次分发可获得60袋。母亲报告已食用的小袋数量，并展示未使用的小袋。通过从60中减去观察到的未开封小袋数量来计算MNP摄入量的直接观察差异（DOD）。评估斯皮尔曼相关系数、MNP摄入量类别和末位数字偏好。
共有205名母亲尽管报告并非所有小袋都已食用，但并未展示剩余未开封的小袋。对于其余605名儿童，DOD和母亲报告的摄入量中位数均为60.0袋；相关系数为0.91。将摄入量分为0至14袋、15至29袋、30至44袋和45至60袋几类，DOD和母亲报告分类到同一组别的百分比分别为100%、80.6%、80.7%和91.2%。排除食用60袋的儿童后，报告摄入量以0和5结尾的分别为16.9%和8.0%，DOD摄入量以0和5结尾的分别为14.2%和6.1%。
若仅使用未使用小袋的观察结果来评估MNP摄入量，将有205名儿童无法得到评估。在这个高摄入量依从性的人群中，DOD和母亲报告的MNP摄入量估计值相似。
