Cárcamo Paula J, Hernández-Miranda Eduardo, Veas Rodrigo, Quiñones Renato A
Programa de Investigación Marina de Excelencia (PIMEX), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales & Oceanográficas, Casilla 160-C, Universidad de Concepción, Chile.
Programa de Investigación Marina de Excelencia (PIMEX), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales & Oceanográficas, Casilla 160-C, Universidad de Concepción, Chile; Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), Casilla 160-C, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile; Laboratorio de Investigación en Ecosistemas Acuáticos (LInEA), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Chile.
Mar Environ Res. 2017 Sep;130:233-247. doi: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2017.07.022. Epub 2017 Jul 25.
Faunal assemblages of subtidal sedimentary environments are key components of coastal ecosystems. Benthic communities inhabiting the coastal zone near urban centers in Concepción Bay (Chile) have been described as highly disturbed (i.e. impoverished in diversity and species richness). This is due to the frequent presence of hypoxic conditions at the bottom due to the intrusion of low oxygen Equatorial Subsurface Water, high natural productivity and the high load of organic matter generated by several anthropogenic activities. A mega-earthquake (8.8 Mw) and subsequent tsunami occurred on the coast of south-central Chile on February 27, 2010 (27F), heavily impacting Concepción Bay, which is located 30 km south of the epicenter. The objectives of the present study are: (i) to evaluate the effect produced by the mega-earthquake and tsunami on the benthic community, and (ii) to assess dissimilarity in macrofauna composition and abundance in Concepción Bay at an inter-decadal time scale based on a comparison between our sampling conducted between 2010 and 2013 and information published since 1969. Our results show that the benthic macrofauna of Concepción Bay was disturbed by the 27F (i.e. high community dissimilarity in 2010). Changes in community structure were observed at an inter-annual scale (i.e. diminished community dissimilarity in 2013), suggesting a recovery post-27F. At an inter-decadal scale, community structure post-27F was dissimilar to the structure described for the 1980's and 1990's but more similar to that reported for 1969. The reducing conditions of the sediments due to the high input of organic matter that took place in the 1980's and 1990's may explain this dissimilarity.
潮下带沉积环境中的动物群落是沿海生态系统的关键组成部分。栖息在智利康塞普西翁湾城市中心附近沿海区域的底栖生物群落被描述为受到高度干扰（即多样性和物种丰富度较低）。这是由于低氧赤道次表层水的入侵、高自然生产力以及多种人为活动产生的高有机物负荷导致底部频繁出现缺氧状况。2010年2月27日（27F），智利中南部海岸发生了一次8.8级的特大地震及随后的海啸，对位于震中以南30公里处的康塞普西翁湾造成了严重影响。本研究的目的是：（i）评估特大地震和海啸对底栖生物群落产生的影响，以及（ii）基于2010年至2013年期间我们的采样与1969年以来发表的信息进行比较，评估康塞普西翁湾在年代际时间尺度上大型底栖动物组成和丰度的差异。我们的结果表明，康塞普西翁湾的底栖大型动物受到了27F事件的干扰（即2010年群落差异较大）。在年际尺度上观察到了群落结构的变化（即2013年群落差异减小），这表明27F事件后群落正在恢复。在年代际尺度上，27F事件后的群落结构与20世纪80年代和90年代所描述的结构不同，但与1969年报告的结构更为相似。20世纪80年代和90年代由于有机物输入量高导致的沉积物还原条件可能解释了这种差异。
