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溶剂、其混合物及热退火对溶液法制备的聚合物发光二极管性能的影响

Effect of Solvents, Their Mixture and Thermal Annealing on the Performance of Solution Processed Polymer Light-Emitting Diodes.

作者信息

Rezvani Mohammad Hashem, Farajollahi Farid, Nikfarjam Alireza, Bakhtiarpour Parisa, Saydanzad Erfan

机构信息

Nanoelectronics Research Group, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Khajeh Nasir Toosi University of Technology, Tehran 15569-14846, Iran.

Institute for Experimental Physics, Ulm University, Ulm D-89081, Germany.

出版信息

Materials (Basel). 2013 May 15;6(5):1994-2006. doi: 10.3390/ma6051994.

DOI:10.3390/ma6051994
PMID:28809256
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5452522/
Abstract

In this study, we first investigated changes seen in electrical and optical properties of a polymer light-emitting diode due to using different kinds of solvents and their mixture. Two-layer light emitting diodes with organic small molecules doped in a PVK polymer host were fabricated using (i) non-aromatic solvent chloroform with a high evaporation rate; (ii) aromatic solvent chlorobenzene with a low evaporation rate, and (iii) their mixture with different relative ratios. The effect of nano-scale layer thickness, surface roughness and internal nano-morphology on threshold voltage and the amount of electric current, the luminance and efficiency of a device were assessed. Results indicated the importance of majority charge carriers' type in the selection of solvent and tuning its properties. Then, the effect of thermal annealing on electrical and optical properties of polymer light emitting diodes was investigated. During the device fabrication, pre-annealing in 80 and/or 120 °C and post-annealing in 120 °C were performed. The nano-scale effect of annealing on polymer-metal interface and electric current injection was described thoroughly. A comparison between threshold voltage, luminance and electric current efficiency of luminescence for different annealing processes was undertaken, so that the best electric current efficiency of luminescence achieved at 120 °C pre-annealing accompanied with 120 °C post-annealing.

摘要

在本研究中，我们首先研究了由于使用不同种类的溶剂及其混合物，聚合物发光二极管的电学和光学性质所发生的变化。使用（i）具有高蒸发速率的非芳香族溶剂氯仿；（ii）具有低蒸发速率的芳香族溶剂氯苯，以及（iii）不同相对比例的它们的混合物，制备了在PVK聚合物主体中掺杂有机小分子的双层发光二极管。评估了纳米级层厚度、表面粗糙度和内部纳米形态对器件的阈值电压、电流量、亮度和效率的影响。结果表明了多数电荷载流子类型在溶剂选择及其性质调控中的重要性。然后，研究了热退火对聚合物发光二极管电学和光学性质的影响。在器件制造过程中，进行了80℃和/或120℃的预退火以及120℃的后退火。详细描述了退火对聚合物-金属界面和电流注入的纳米级效应。对不同退火工艺的发光阈值电压、亮度和电流效率进行了比较，结果表明在120℃预退火并伴随120℃后退火时可实现最佳的发光电流效率。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ef59/5452522/80fb3392a3a8/materials-06-01994-g010.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ef59/5452522/476bd30788d9/materials-06-01994-g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ef59/5452522/2d9b8809b7a8/materials-06-01994-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ef59/5452522/818c9ff36c5b/materials-06-01994-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ef59/5452522/93a12611f8fc/materials-06-01994-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ef59/5452522/170499f4f7b4/materials-06-01994-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ef59/5452522/38572a62d1d1/materials-06-01994-g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ef59/5452522/4969b05f97cb/materials-06-01994-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ef59/5452522/2603e570ee32/materials-06-01994-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ef59/5452522/1cc86ef2f62b/materials-06-01994-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ef59/5452522/80fb3392a3a8/materials-06-01994-g010.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ef59/5452522/476bd30788d9/materials-06-01994-g008.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ef59/5452522/2d9b8809b7a8/materials-06-01994-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ef59/5452522/818c9ff36c5b/materials-06-01994-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ef59/5452522/93a12611f8fc/materials-06-01994-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ef59/5452522/170499f4f7b4/materials-06-01994-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ef59/5452522/38572a62d1d1/materials-06-01994-g009.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ef59/5452522/4969b05f97cb/materials-06-01994-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ef59/5452522/2603e570ee32/materials-06-01994-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ef59/5452522/1cc86ef2f62b/materials-06-01994-g007.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/ef59/5452522/80fb3392a3a8/materials-06-01994-g010.jpg

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Organic light-emitting transistors with an efficiency that outperforms the equivalent light-emitting diodes.具有超越同等发光二极管效率的有机发光晶体管。
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