Luo Wei-Wei, Shu Hong-Bing
Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China.
Medical Research Institute, School of Medicine, Wuhan University, China.
FEBS Lett. 2017 Oct;591(20):3182-3189. doi: 10.1002/1873-3468.12796. Epub 2017 Aug 30.
Rhomboid-like pseudoproteases are a conserved superfamily of proteins related to the rhomboid intramembrane serine proteases that lack key catalytic residues. iRhom2, a member of the rhomboid-like pseudoprotease superfamily, regulates the maturation and trafficking of ADAM17 and is associated with inflammatory arthritis. Recent studies demonstrate that iRhom2 is also involved in innate immunity by regulating the trafficking and stability of MITA (also called STING), which is a central adaptor in innate antiviral signalling pathways. Here, we summarize recent progress on the roles and mechanisms of iRhom2 and its homologues in innate immunity and also discuss the links between the physiological functions of iRhoms and immunological diseases.
类菱形假蛋白酶是一个保守的蛋白质超家族，与缺乏关键催化残基的菱形膜内丝氨酸蛋白酶相关。iRhom2是类菱形假蛋白酶超家族的成员，可调节ADAM17的成熟和运输，并与炎性关节炎相关。最近的研究表明，iRhom2还通过调节MITA（也称为STING）的运输和稳定性参与先天免疫，MITA是先天抗病毒信号通路中的核心衔接蛋白。在这里，我们总结了iRhom2及其同源物在先天免疫中的作用和机制的最新进展，并讨论了iRhoms的生理功能与免疫疾病之间的联系。
