von Stillfried S, Isfort P, Knüchel-Clarke R
Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinik RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Deutschland.
Klinik für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Universitätsklinik RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Deutschland.
Pathologe. 2017 Sep;38(5):412-415. doi: 10.1007/s00292-017-0344-3.
Autopsies are of key importance for the understanding of the anatomy, pathophysiology and pathomorphology. In forensic medicine, the virtual autopsy is a standard instrument in autopsy practice. The advantage of postmortem imaging is the generation of a three-dimensional pre-autopsy snapshot of the body from head to toe with excellent visualization of skeletal pathologies and air inclusions. When angiography is performed, pathologies of the cardiovascular system can additionally be evaluated. The shortcomings of postmortem imaging are the low soft tissue contrast with CT imaging, the lack of haptic, olfactory and color impressions. Another limitation is the access to CT and particularly to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) facilities and the necessary experience with the peculiarities of postmortem imaging. To date, postmortem imaging can supplement but not replace the traditional autopsy. Nevertheless, postmortem imaging adds valuable technical capabilities to the traditional autopsy. The ability to achieve valid results for the cause of death and additional diagnoses must be evaluated systematically for postmortem imaging, in particular in addition to CT or MR guided biopsies. This article gives an overview of the current state of the technology and encourages its development for application in pathology departments.
尸检对于理解解剖学、病理生理学和病理形态学至关重要。在法医学中，虚拟尸检是尸检实践中的一种标准手段。尸检成像的优势在于能够生成从头部到脚趾的尸体三维尸检前快照，对骨骼病变和气体夹杂有极佳的可视化效果。进行血管造影时，还可额外评估心血管系统的病变。尸检成像的缺点包括CT成像时软组织对比度低、缺乏触觉、嗅觉和颜色印象。另一个限制是使用CT尤其是磁共振成像（MRI）设备的机会，以及具备尸检成像特殊性所需的经验。迄今为止，尸检成像可以补充但不能取代传统尸检。然而，尸检成像为传统尸检增添了有价值的技术能力。对于尸检成像，尤其是除了CT或MR引导下活检之外，必须系统评估其得出死亡原因和其他诊断有效结果的能力。本文概述了该技术的当前状态，并鼓励其在病理科的应用发展。
