Morandi Garrett D, Wiseman Steve B, Guan Miao, Zhang Xiaowei W, Martin Jonathan W, Giesy John P
Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada.
Toxicology Centre, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada; Department of Biological Sciences and Water Institute for Sustainable Environments (WISE), University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada.
Chemosphere. 2017 Nov;186:893-900. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.08.025. Epub 2017 Aug 8.
Oil sands process-affected water (OSPW) is generated during extraction of bitumen in the surface-mining oil sands industry in Alberta, Canada, and is acutely and chronically toxic to aquatic organisms. It is known that dissolved organic compounds in OSPW are responsible for most toxic effects, but knowledge of the specific mechanism(s) of toxicity, is limited. Using bioassay-based effects-directed analysis, the dissolved organic fraction of OSPW has previously been fractionated, ultimately producing refined samples of dissolved organic chemicals in OSPW, each with distinct chemical profiles. Using the Escherichia coli K-12 strain MG1655 gene reporter live cell array, the present study investigated relationships between toxic potencies of each fraction, expression of genes and characterization of chemicals in each of five acutely toxic and one non-toxic extract of OSPW derived by use of effects-directed analysis. Effects on expressions of genes related to response to oxidative stress, protein stress and DNA damage were indicative of exposure to acutely toxic extracts of OSPW. Additionally, six genes were uniquely responsive to acutely toxic extracts of OSPW. Evidence presented supports a role for sulphur- and nitrogen-containing chemical classes in the toxicity of extracts of OSPW.
油砂加工受影响水（OSPW）是在加拿大艾伯塔省露天开采油砂行业的沥青提取过程中产生的，对水生生物具有急性和慢性毒性。已知OSPW中的溶解有机化合物是造成大多数毒性效应的原因，但对具体毒性机制的了解有限。通过基于生物测定的效应导向分析，OSPW的溶解有机部分先前已被分级分离，最终得到了OSPW中溶解有机化学物质的精制样品，每个样品都有独特的化学特征。本研究使用大肠杆菌K-12菌株MG1655基因报告活细胞阵列，研究了通过效应导向分析获得的OSPW的五种急性毒性提取物和一种无毒提取物中各部分的毒性强度、基因表达和化学物质特征之间的关系。对与氧化应激、蛋白质应激和DNA损伤反应相关基因表达的影响表明暴露于OSPW的急性毒性提取物。此外，有六个基因对OSPW的急性毒性提取物有独特的反应。所提供的证据支持含硫和含氮化学类别在OSPW提取物毒性中的作用。
