Faculty of Psychology, Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour (IR3C), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences, Blanquerna, Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain.
J Intellect Disabil Res. 2017 Nov;61(11):1021-1033. doi: 10.1111/jir.12407. Epub 2017 Aug 22.
The study of measurements of quality of life (QoL) is one of the great challenges of modern psychology and psychometric approaches. This issue has greater importance when examining QoL in populations that were historically treated on the basis of their deficiency, and recently, the focus has shifted to what each person values and desires in their life, as in cases of people with intellectual disability (ID). Many studies of QoL scales applied in this area have attempted to improve the validity and reliability of their components by incorporating various sources of information to achieve consistency in the data obtained. The adaptation of the Personal Outcomes Scale (POS) in Spanish has shown excellent psychometric attributes, and its administration has three sources of information: self-assessment, practitioner and family. The study of possible congruence or incongruence of observed distributions of each item between sources is therefore essential to ensure a correct interpretation of the measure. The aim of this paper was to analyse the observed distribution of items and dimensions from the three Spanish POS information sources cited earlier, using the item response theory.
We studied a sample of 529 people with ID and their respective practitioners and family member, and in each case, we analysed items and factors using Samejima's model of polytomic ordinal scales.
The results indicated an important number of items with differential effects regarding sources, and in some cases, they indicated significant differences in the distribution of items, factors and sources of information.
As a result of this analysis, we must affirm that the administration of the POS, considering three sources of information, was adequate overall, but a correct interpretation of the results requires that it obtain much more information to consider, as well as some specific items in specific dimensions. The overall ratings, if these comments are considered, could result in bias.
生活质量（QoL）测量的研究是现代心理学和心理计量方法的重大挑战之一。在考察历史上基于缺陷而接受治疗的人群的生活质量时，以及最近关注每个人在生活中重视和渴望的东西时，这个问题变得更加重要，例如智力障碍（ID）人群。许多在该领域应用的 QoL 量表的研究试图通过纳入各种信息来源来提高其组成部分的有效性和可靠性，以实现获得数据的一致性。西班牙语版个人成果量表（POS）的适应版表现出了优异的心理计量属性，其管理有三个信息来源：自我评估、从业者和家庭。因此，研究每个来源之间每个项目的观察分布的一致性或不一致性对于确保正确解释该测量至关重要。本文的目的是使用项目反应理论分析上述三个西班牙语 POS 信息来源的项目和维度的观察分布。
我们研究了一个由 529 名 ID 患者及其各自的从业者和家庭成员组成的样本，在每种情况下，我们使用 Samejima 的多分制有序量表模型分析项目和因素。
结果表明，许多项目具有关于来源的差异效应，在某些情况下，它们表明项目、因素和信息来源的分布存在显著差异。
由于这项分析，我们必须肯定，考虑三个信息来源的 POS 管理总体上是合适的，但要正确解释结果，需要考虑更多信息，以及特定维度中的某些特定项目。如果考虑到这些意见，总体评价可能会导致偏差。
