Department of Animal Science,Purdue University,915 W. State St.,West Lafayette,IN 47907,USA.
Animal. 2018 Apr;12(4):750-756. doi: 10.1017/S1751731117002099. Epub 2017 Aug 24.
Feeding dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS), a feed high in fat and protein, to lactating beef cows can alter milk production and composition, resulting in improved pre-weaning growth of progeny. This alteration in milk profile may consequently alter the growth and carcass composition of the offspring after weaning. Therefore, Angus×Simmental steers (n=48) whose dams were fed one of two diets supplemented with either DDGS or soybean meal (CON) from calving to mid-lactation were placed in a feedlot to determine the effects of maternal nutrition during lactation on progeny development and carcass composition. Cow-calf pairs were allotted to two treatments at birth based on cow and calf BW, breed and age. Maternal diets were isocaloric (3.97 MJ/kg NEg) and consisted of rye hay supplemented with DDGS at 1% of BW (19.4% CP; 8.76% fat) or rye hay and corn silage supplemented with CON (11.7% CP; 2.06% fat). After conclusion of the treatments at 129 days postpartum, cow-calf pairs were comingled and managed as one group until weaning at 219 days postpartum. Steers were then transitioned to a common diet composed of 60% DDGS, 34% corn silage and 6% vitamin/mineral supplement and were placed indoors in individual pens with slatted floors. An intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) was performed 134 days after feedlot entry on 16 steers (CON, n=7; DDGS, n=9) to determine the effect of maternal diet on glucose and insulin sensitivity. Steers were slaughtered at a target BW of 645 kg. Categorical and continuous data were analyzed using the GLIMMIX and MIXED procedures of SAS, respectively. Steers from DDGS dams tended to be heavier on day 85 of feedlot finishing (P=0.09) compared with steers from CON dams. However, there were no differences in final weight, average daily gain, dry matter intake or efficiency (gain:feed, P⩾0.18). Maternal treatments did not affect progeny days on feed (P=0.15), despite a mean difference of 9 days in favor of DDGS. Glucose and insulin concentrations and area under the curve of progeny as measured by IVGTT were not affected by maternal diet (P⩾0.16). Maternal DDGS supplementation decreased marbling score (P=0.04), but did not influence carcass grading percentage or any other carcass characteristic (P⩾0.17).
给泌乳期的肉牛饲喂富含脂肪和蛋白质的干燥酒糟及其可溶物（DDGS）可以改变牛奶的产量和成分，从而提高后代的断奶前生长速度。这种牛奶成分的变化可能会继而改变断奶后后代的生长和胴体组成。因此， Angus×Simmental 阉牛（n=48）的母本在泌乳期从分娩到泌乳中期分别饲喂两种日粮中的一种，一种日粮添加 DDGS，另一种添加豆粕（CON）。然后将这些阉牛放入育肥场，以确定哺乳期母本营养对后代生长和胴体组成的影响。在出生时根据母牛和小牛的体重、品种和年龄将母牛-小牛对分配到两个处理组。母本日粮的能量值相同（3.97MJ/kg 有效能），由黑麦干草补充 DDGS 组成，占体重的 1%（19.4% CP；8.76%脂肪）或由黑麦干草和玉米青贮补充 CON（11.7% CP；2.06%脂肪）。在产后 129 天结束处理后，将母牛-小牛对混合并作为一组管理，直到产后 219 天断奶。然后，阉牛被过渡到由 60% DDGS、34%玉米青贮和 6%维生素/矿物质补充剂组成的共同饮食，并在带有格栅地板的单独围栏内放置在室内。在育肥场入口后 134 天，对 16 头阉牛（CON，n=7；DDGS，n=9）进行静脉葡萄糖耐量试验（IVGTT），以确定母本日粮对葡萄糖和胰岛素敏感性的影响。阉牛以目标体重 645kg 进行屠宰。使用 SAS 的 GLIMMIX 和 MIXED 程序分别分析分类和连续数据。来自 DDGS 母本的阉牛在育肥场结束时的第 85 天往往更重（P=0.09），而来自 CON 母本的阉牛。然而，最终体重、平均日增重、干物质摄入量或效率（增重：饲料，P⩾0.18）没有差异。尽管 DDGS 有利于 9 天，但母本处理并未影响后代的饲养天数（P=0.15）。母本日粮对后代的 IVGTT 葡萄糖和胰岛素浓度以及曲线下面积没有影响（P⩾0.16）。DDGS 补充降低了大理石花纹评分（P=0.04），但不影响胴体分级百分比或任何其他胴体特征（P⩾0.17）。
