Mishra Pranava S, Narang Pratibha, Narang Rahul, Goswami Bidhan, Mendiratta Deepak K
Department of Microbiology, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences (MGIMS), Sevagram, Wardha, 442102, Maharashtra, India.
Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, 411008, Maharashtra, India.
Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 2018 Jan;111(1):73-87. doi: 10.1007/s10482-017-0927-2. Epub 2017 Aug 23.
During the last two decades, nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) have gained in importance but there is still a paucity of data, particularly for environmental isolates. We studied, over a period of two years, the spatio-temporal features of NTM isolates obtained from different environmental sources in Wardha district, India. A total of 1398 samples (699 each of soil and water) were tested and 170 (12.2%) yielded NTM isolates, including 123 from soil and 47 from water samples. Out of 170 NTM isolates, 107 (63%) belonged to potentially pathogenic mycobacteria (PPM) and 63 (37%) to the less pathogenic mycobacterial (LPM) group. Overall, maximum isolation was obtained in rainy season (20.3%) followed by winter (13.5%), post rainy (8.7%) and summer seasons (5.8%). Mycobacterium fortuitum, Mycobacterium gordonae and Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) were common isolates followed by Mycobacterium flavescens, Mycobacterium scrofulaceum, Mycobacterium simiae and Mycobacterium marinum. From soil, isolation of NTM was highest from grounds used for community gatherings (42.8%) followed by soil from residential premises (27.7%) and near the wells (26.0%). From drinking water sources, highest NTM isolation was obtained from wells (15.4%) followed by treated water tanks (6.9%), household receptacles (6.3%), hand pumps (5.6%) and tap water supply (3.5%). Isolation from natural canal water was 6.6%, while from drainage and waste water ponds isolation was 8.3%. The results of the study revealed that in Wardha district, NTM are present both in the soil and drinking water. As NTM can be pathogenic, particularly in immune-compromised individuals, these can be of potential risk to the human population.
在过去二十年中，非结核分枝杆菌（NTM）的重要性日益凸显，但相关数据仍然匮乏，尤其是关于环境分离株的数据。我们在两年时间里研究了从印度瓦尔达地区不同环境来源获得的NTM分离株的时空特征。共检测了1398个样本（土壤和水样各699个），其中170个（12.2%）分离出NTM，包括123个来自土壤样本和47个来自水样。在170株NTM分离株中，107株（63%）属于潜在致病性分枝杆菌（PPM），63株（37%）属于致病性较低的分枝杆菌（LPM）组。总体而言，雨季的分离率最高（20.3%），其次是冬季（13.5%）、雨后（8.7%）和夏季（5.8%）。偶然分枝杆菌、戈登分枝杆菌和鸟分枝杆菌复合群（MAC）是常见的分离株，其次是微黄分枝杆菌、瘰疬分枝杆菌、猿分枝杆菌和海分枝杆菌。从土壤中分离NTM，社区聚会场地的土壤分离率最高（42.8%），其次是住宅用地的土壤（27.7%）和水井附近的土壤（26.0%）。从饮用水源中，水井的NTM分离率最高（15.4%），其次是处理水箱（6.9%）、家用容器（6.3%）、手压泵（5.6%）和自来水供应（3.5%）。天然运河水的分离率为6.6% , 而排水和废水池塘的分离率为8.3%。研究结果表明，在瓦尔达地区，土壤和饮用水中均存在NTM。由于NTM可能具有致病性，尤其是在免疫功能低下的个体中，因此可能对人群构成潜在风险。
