Fulton M, Raab G, Thomson G, Laxen D, Hunter R, Hepburn W
Lancet. 1987 May 30;1(8544):1221-6. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(87)92683-3.
The effect of blood-lead on children's ability and attainment was investigated in a sample of 855 boys and girls aged 6-9 years from eighteen primary schools within a defined area of central Edinburgh. The geometric mean blood-lead value was 10.4 micrograms/dl. In a stratified subsample, 501 children completed individual tests of cognitive ability and educational attainment from the British Ability Scales (BAS). An extensive home interview with a parent was also done. Multiple regression analyses showed a significant negative relation between log blood-lead and BAS combined score, number skills, and word reading when thirty-three possible confounding variables were taken into account. There was a dose-response relation between blood-lead and test scores, with no evidence of a threshold. The size of the effect was small compared with that of other factors. Lead at low levels of exposure probably has a small harmful effect on the performance of children in ability and attainment tests.
在爱丁堡市中心特定区域内的18所小学中，对855名6至9岁的男孩和女孩进行抽样，研究血铅对儿童能力和学业成绩的影响。血铅几何平均值为10.4微克/分升。在一个分层子样本中，501名儿童完成了英国能力量表（BAS）的认知能力和学业成绩个人测试。还对一名家长进行了广泛的家庭访谈。多元回归分析表明，在考虑33个可能的混杂变量后，血铅对数与BAS综合得分、数字技能和单词阅读之间存在显著的负相关关系。血铅与测试分数之间存在剂量反应关系，没有阈值证据。与其他因素相比，这种影响的程度较小。低水平接触铅可能对儿童在能力和学业成绩测试中的表现有轻微的有害影响。
