Dandalo L C, Munhenga G, Kaiser M L, Koekemoer L L
Wits Research Institute for Malaria, MRC Collaborating Centre for Multi-Disciplinary Research on Malaria, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Vector Reference Laboratory, Centre for Emerging Zoonotic and Parasitic Diseases, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, National Health Laboratory Services, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Med Vet Entomol. 2018 Mar;32(1):61-69. doi: 10.1111/mve.12264. Epub 2017 Aug 28.
An efficient sexing system is important for the release of sterile males for any control programme using the sterile insect technique. This study describes the development and characterization of a new genetic sexing strain from South Africa (GMK), needed for the planned implementation of such a programme in northern KwaZulu-Natal Province. The base colony used was a locally modified laboratory strain of Anopheles arabiensis containing a sex-linked gene conferring dieldrin resistance to male mosquitoes. Female A. arabiensis mosquitoes from northern KwaZulu-Natal were mated with these males and backcrossed to introduce the dieldrin resistance gene to the Y chromosome. The resulting strain therefore had an overall genotype representing the local population but with the Y chromosome containing the dieldrin resistance gene. Life-history characteristics, stability of the sex-linked resistance marker, and reduction in dieldrin waste were investigated. The strain showed semi-sterility exhibited by low egg hatch rates, faster development in the immature stages and longer adult survivorship compared with the parental strains. While the GMK strain carrying the dieldrin-resistant gene was successfully established, the stability of the gene is limited, requiring periodic purification. Dieldrin waste can be limited by treating many more eggs than currently recommended.
对于任何使用昆虫不育技术的控制计划而言，高效的性别鉴定系统对于释放不育雄虫至关重要。本研究描述了一种来自南非的新遗传性别鉴定品系（GMK）的培育过程及特性，这是在夸祖鲁 - 纳塔尔省北部计划实施此类计划所必需的。所使用的基础群体是当地改良的阿拉伯按蚊实验室品系，其含有一个赋予雄蚊狄氏剂抗性的性连锁基因。来自夸祖鲁 - 纳塔尔省北部的雌性阿拉伯按蚊与这些雄蚊交配，并进行回交，以便将狄氏剂抗性基因引入Y染色体。因此，所得品系的总体基因型代表当地种群，但Y染色体含有狄氏剂抗性基因。研究了其生活史特征、性连锁抗性标记的稳定性以及狄氏剂浪费的减少情况。与亲本品系相比，该品系表现出半不育，表现为低孵化率、幼虫期发育更快和成虫寿命更长。虽然携带狄氏剂抗性基因的GMK品系已成功建立，但该基因的稳定性有限，需要定期纯化。通过处理比目前建议数量更多的卵，可以限制狄氏剂的浪费。
