Liu Y N, Liu J M, Liu S W, Zeng X Y, Yin P, Qi J L, You J L, Zhao Z P, Zhang M, Wang L M, Zhou M G, Wang L J
Division of Vital Statistics and Death Surveillance, National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Division of Integrated Prevention and Evaluation, National Center for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2017 Aug 10;38(8):1005-1010. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2017.08.002.
To analyze the death attributable to smoking and impact of life expectancy in China in 2013. According to the characteristics of different diseases, we calculated the population attributable fractions of different diseases, death and impact of life expectancy which caused by smoking, using direct method (current smoking rate as exposure levels) and indirect method (smoking impact ratio as exposure levels), based on data from both programs of death surveillance and Chinese chronic disease risk factor surveillance of 2013. In 2013, smoking caused around 1.59 million deaths which accounted for 17.38% of all deaths in China. Constituent ratio of death caused by smoking in males (23.66%) was much higher than that in females (8.30%). However, in urban areas (17.24%), it was slightly lower than that in rural areas (17.51%). Constituent ratio of death caused by smoking in the eastern regions appeared the lowest (16.81%), with western regions the highest (17.91%). In 2013, lung cancer, COPD and ischemia heart disease were the top three diseases causing deaths that related to smoking, but the top three population attributable fractions were lung cancer, COPD and nasopharyngeal carcinoma in China. In 2013, smoking caused a reduction of 2.04 years of life expectancy loss in China, with males in the western regions the highest (3.05 years). Smoking is still an important public health problem in China. Tobacco-control-targeted programs in the heavily involved areas could reduce the number of deaths from related diseases that caused by smoking.
分析2013年中国吸烟所致死亡及对预期寿命的影响。根据不同疾病的特点，基于2013年死亡监测和中国慢性病危险因素监测项目的数据，采用直接法（以当前吸烟率作为暴露水平）和间接法（以吸烟影响比作为暴露水平），计算吸烟导致的不同疾病的人群归因分数、死亡及对预期寿命的影响。2013年，吸烟导致约159万人死亡，占中国总死亡人数的17.38%。男性吸烟所致死亡构成比（23.66%）远高于女性（8.30%）。然而，城市地区（17.24%）略低于农村地区（17.51%）。东部地区吸烟所致死亡构成比最低（16.81%），西部地区最高（17.91%）。2013年，肺癌、慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）和缺血性心脏病是与吸烟相关的三大死亡原因疾病，但在中国，人群归因分数排名前三的是肺癌、COPD和鼻咽癌。2013年，吸烟导致中国预期寿命损失2.04年，西部地区男性损失最高（3.05年）。吸烟在中国仍是一个重要的公共卫生问题。在吸烟严重的地区开展控烟项目可减少吸烟所致相关疾病的死亡人数。
