Institute for Gravitation & the Cosmos, and Physics Department, Penn State, University Park, PA 16802, United States of America. CPT, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS, F-13288 Marseille, France.
Rep Prog Phys. 2017 Oct;80(10):102901. doi: 10.1088/1361-6633/aa7bb1. Epub 2017 Aug 29.
Most of the literature on general relativity over the last century assumes that the cosmological constant [Formula: see text] is zero. However, by now independent observations have led to a consensus that the dynamics of the universe is best described by Einstein's equations with a small but positive [Formula: see text]. Interestingly, this requires a drastic revision of conceptual frameworks commonly used in general relativity, no matter how small [Formula: see text] is. We first explain why, and then summarize the current status of generalizations of these frameworks to include a positive [Formula: see text], focusing on gravitational waves.
在上个世纪的大多数关于广义相对论的文献中，都假设宇宙学常数[Formula: see text]为零。然而，到目前为止，独立的观测结果已经达成共识，即最好用爱因斯坦方程来描述宇宙的动力学，其中包含一个很小但为正的[Formula: see text]。有趣的是，这需要对广义相对论中常用的概念框架进行彻底的修正，无论[Formula: see text]有多小。我们首先解释为什么会这样，然后总结目前将这些框架推广到包括正的[Formula: see text]的情况，重点是引力波。
