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短吻鳄的蛋白质营养

Protein nutrition in the alligator.

作者信息

Coulson R A, Coulson T D, Herbert J D, Staton M A

出版信息

Comp Biochem Physiol A Comp Physiol. 1987;87(2):449-59. doi: 10.1016/0300-9629(87)90150-2.

Abstract
  1. Fourteen different protein-containing diets were fed to small alligators. Their rates of digestion and their nutritional values were determined by following changes in free amino acids in the plasma. 2. Fish, chicken and nutria were digested rapidly and all their component essential amino acids disappeared quickly and at the same rate. When given in the dry, fat-free form the amino acids were released and assimilated about 50% faster than when fat was included. 3. None of the isolated proteins tested (casein, gelatin, edestin, gliadin, corn gluten and soy) proved nutritionally adequate and all but gelatin digested slowly and incompletely. 4. One diet compounded of salts, vitamins and mixed commercial animal products was tested. It showed promise but it was lacking in methionine and isoleucine. 5. It was concluded that dry, powdered, preparations from whole animals could prove a satisfactory, stable diet for alligator husbandry. 6. Prolonged force-feeding of an animal diet increased the percent of nitrogen excreted as NH3 over that excreted in urates.
摘要
  1. 给小短吻鳄喂食了14种不同的含蛋白质饮食。通过追踪血浆中游离氨基酸的变化来测定它们的消化率和营养价值。2. 鱼、鸡肉和麝鼠消化迅速,其所有必需氨基酸成分消失得很快且速率相同。以无脂肪干形式喂食时,氨基酸的释放和同化速度比包含脂肪时快约50%。3. 所测试的分离蛋白质(酪蛋白、明胶、麻仁球蛋白、麦醇溶蛋白、玉米麸质和大豆)均未被证明营养充足,除明胶外,其他蛋白质消化缓慢且不完全。4. 测试了一种由盐、维生素和混合商业动物产品组成的饮食。它显示出前景,但缺乏蛋氨酸和异亮氨酸。5. 得出的结论是,全动物的干粉制剂可能是短吻鳄养殖令人满意的稳定饮食。6. 长期强制喂食动物饮食会增加以NH₃形式排泄的氮的百分比,高于以尿酸盐形式排泄的氮的百分比。

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