Harvard Business School, Boston, MA 02163, USA.
Harvard University, Department of Sociology, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Curr Opin Psychol. 2017 Dec;18:84-88. doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2017.07.012. Epub 2017 Jul 17.
People in low-power positions, whether due to gender or class, tend to exhibit other-oriented rather than self-oriented behavior. Women's experiences at work and at home are shaped by social class, heightening identification with gender for relatively upper class women and identification with class for relatively lower class women, potentially mitigating, or even reversing, class-based differences documented in past research. Gender-class differences are reflected in women's employment beliefs and behaviors. Research integrating social class with gendered experiences in homes and workplaces deepens our understanding of the complex interplay between sources of power and status in society.
处于弱势地位的人,无论是因为性别还是阶级,往往表现出的是他人导向而非自我导向的行为。女性在工作和家庭中的经历受到社会阶级的影响,相对上层阶级的女性更认同性别,相对下层阶级的女性则更认同阶级,这可能会减轻甚至扭转过去研究中记录的基于阶级的差异。性别-阶级差异反映在女性的就业信念和行为中。将社会阶级与家庭和工作场所中的性别化经历相结合的研究深化了我们对社会中权力和地位来源之间复杂相互作用的理解。