Department of Sociology, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden; Centre for Health Equity Studies (CHESS), Stockholm University, Karolinska Institutet, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
Centre for Health Equity Studies (CHESS), Stockholm University, Karolinska Institutet, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.
Soc Sci Med. 2017 Oct;190:207-216. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2017.08.022. Epub 2017 Aug 22.
Social capital research has recognized the relevance of occupational network contacts for individuals' life chances and status attainment, and found distinct associations dependent on ethnic background. A still fairly unexplored area is the health implications of occupational networks. The current approach thus seeks to study the relationship between access to occupational social capital and depressive symptoms in early adulthood, and to examine whether the associations differ between persons with native Swedish parents and those with parents born in Iran and the former Yugoslavia. The two-wave panel comprised 19- and 23-year-old Swedish citizens whose parents were born in either Sweden, Iran or the former Yugoslavia. The composition of respondents' occupational networks contacts was measured with a so-called position generator. Depressive symptoms were assessed with a two-item depression screener. A population-averaged model was used to estimate the associations between depressive symptoms and access to occupational contact networks. Similar levels of depressive symptoms in respondents with parents born in Sweden and Yugoslavia were contrasted by a notably higher prevalence of these conditions in those with an Iranian background. After socioeconomic conditions were adjusted for, regression analysis showed that the propensity for depressive symptoms in women with an Iranian background increased with a higher number of manual class contacts, and decreased for men and women with Iranian parents with a higher number of prestigious occupational connections. The respective associations in persons with native Swedish parents and parents from the former Yugoslavia are partly reversed. Access to occupational contact networks, but also perceived ethnic identity, explained a large portion of the ethnic variation in depression. Mainly the group with an Iranian background seems to benefit from prestigious occupational contacts. Among those with an Iranian background, social status concerns and expected marginalization in manual class occupations may have contributed to their propensity for depressive symptoms.
社会资本研究已经认识到职业网络联系对个人生活机会和地位获得的重要性，并发现了依赖于族裔背景的明显关联。一个尚未得到充分探索的领域是职业网络对健康的影响。因此，目前的研究方法旨在研究获得职业社会资本与年轻人抑郁症状之间的关系，并探讨这种关联在具有瑞典本土父母和伊朗及前南斯拉夫父母的人群之间是否存在差异。该两波面板由 19 岁和 23 岁的瑞典公民组成，他们的父母分别出生于瑞典、伊朗或前南斯拉夫。受访者职业网络联系人的构成是用所谓的职位生成器来衡量的。抑郁症状是用两个项目的抑郁筛查器来评估的。采用总体人群模型来估计抑郁症状与获得职业联系网络之间的关联。具有瑞典和南斯拉夫背景的受访者的抑郁症状水平相似，但具有伊朗背景的受访者的这些症状的患病率明显更高。在调整了社会经济条件后，回归分析表明，具有伊朗背景的女性出现抑郁症状的倾向随着与体力劳动者接触人数的增加而增加，而具有伊朗父母的男性和女性的这种倾向则随着与有威望职业联系人数的增加而减少。在具有瑞典本土父母和前南斯拉夫父母的人群中，相应的关联部分相反。获得职业联系网络以及感知到的族裔认同解释了抑郁症状的大部分族裔差异。主要是具有伊朗背景的群体似乎受益于有威望的职业联系。在具有伊朗背景的人群中，社会地位的关注和在体力劳动者职业中预期的边缘化可能导致了他们出现抑郁症状的倾向。
