Application of DNA polymorphisms for prenatal diagnosis of beta thalassemia in Chinese.

Forty-seven Chinese suffering from beta thalassemia major and their parents were studied to establish linkage of the beta thal and beta A genes with 11 restriction site polymorphisms. There is marked linkage disequilibrium at the BamH I site 3' to the beta globin gene, such that, in 31% of pregnancies, absence of the site in the fetus can exclude beta thalassemia major. Using four restriction sites (Hinc II psi beta, Ava II beta, Hind III beta, and BamH I beta), prenatal diagnosis is feasible in all families. In 46% of all cases, a definitive diagnosis can be made, and in the remaining cases, a 50% chance of exclusion is possible. Fetal blood globin chain analysis would be required for the failures. Our experience in nine successive beta thalassemia prenatal diagnosis is also reported.