Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Section of Cardiology, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, USA.
Eur J Neurol. 2017 Dec;24(12):1464-1470. doi: 10.1111/ene.13440. Epub 2017 Oct 4.
Galectin-3 is a biomarker of atherosclerotic and cardiovascular disease, and may be a useful marker for ischaemic stroke risk.
The Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) cohort enrolled and examined 30 239 US participants between 2003 and 2007 (41% black, 59% white and 55% in the southeastern stroke belt). Baseline galectin-3 was measured in 526 subjects with incident ischaemic stroke over 5.4 years and in a cohort random sample (CRS) of 947 participants. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) of ischaemic stroke by quartiles of galectin-3.
In the CRS, galectin-3 was significantly higher with older age, black race, female sex, body mass index, hypertension, diabetes mellitus and kidney disease, and also in those who developed incident stroke. Participants with galectin-3 levels in the fourth versus first quartile had a 2.3-fold increased stroke risk [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.6, 3.4] in an unadjusted model. An interaction with age was found (P = 0.06), and therefore age-stratified analyses were performed. Amongst those younger than age 64, baseline galectin-3 in the second-fourth quartiles was associated with increased stroke risk (HR 3.0, 95% CI 1.6, 5.5) compared to the first quartile in an age-, race- and sex-adjusted model. The HR was 2.0 (95% CI 1.0, 4.0) with multivariable adjustment. There was no association amongst older participants.
Galectin-3 was associated with incident ischaemic stroke in younger but not older individuals. Confirmation of this finding, and elucidation of its implications for stroke pathophysiology and prevention, is needed.
半乳糖凝集素-3 是动脉粥样硬化和心血管疾病的生物标志物，可能是缺血性中风风险的有用标志物。
原因地理和种族差异在中风（REGARDS）队列招募并检查了 30239 名美国参与者在 2003 年至 2007 年之间（41%的黑人，59%的白人，55%在东南部中风带）。在 5.4 年内，526 例新发缺血性中风患者和 947 例队列随机样本（CRS）中测量了基线半乳糖凝集素-3。使用 Cox 比例风险模型按四分位距计算半乳糖凝集素-3 的缺血性中风风险比（HR）。
在 CRS 中，随着年龄的增长、黑种人、女性、体重指数、高血压、糖尿病和肾脏疾病的增加，以及在那些发生中风的患者中，半乳糖凝集素-3 显著升高。与第一四分位相比，第四四分位的参与者中风风险增加了 2.3 倍[95%置信区间（CI）1.6，3.4]，在未调整模型中。发现与年龄存在交互作用（P=0.06），因此进行了年龄分层分析。在年龄小于 64 岁的人群中，与第一四分位相比，第二四分位至第四四分位的基线半乳糖凝集素-3 与中风风险增加相关（HR 3.0，95%CI 1.6，5.5）在年龄、种族和性别调整模型中。多变量调整后的 HR 为 2.0（95%CI 1.0，4.0）。在年龄较大的参与者中没有关联。
半乳糖凝集素-3与年轻而非老年个体的缺血性中风发病相关。需要进一步证实这一发现，并阐明其对中风病理生理学和预防的影响。
