Burke Megan J, Soma Lawrence R, Boston Raymond C, Rudy Jeffery A, Schaer Thomas P
Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Kennett Square, PA 19348.
Pennsylvania Equine Toxicology & Research Center, West Chester University, West Chester, PA 19382.
J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio). 2017 Sep;27(5):539-547. doi: 10.1111/vec.12644.
Evaluate the analgesic properties and pharmacokinetics of transdermal fentanyl patches (TFPs) in goats.
Prospective, randomized study.
Preclinical Testing Facility at a University Teaching Hospital.
Thirty-four adult female Boer-cross goats.
Goats underwent surgery as part of a concurrent orthopedic research study. Twelve hours prior to surgery, each goat received a TFP (target dosage of 2.5 μg/kg/h), or a placebo patch with analgesia provided by buprenorphine (0.01 mg/kg, IM, q 6 h). Patches were removed after 72 hours. Blood was sampled at specified intervals, up to 84 hours following TFP placement. Plasma concentrations of fentanyl (FEN) were determined using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Postoperative pain assessments were performed by two independent blinded observers.
TFPs were applied at a mean (± standard deviation, SD) dose of 2.54 ± 0.36 μg/kg/h. No adverse events occurred. Pain scores between TFP and BUP groups were not significantly different at any time point. Mean plasma FEN concentration (± SD) 2 hours following patch application was 1.06 ± 0.85 ng/mL, and remained above 0.5 ng/mL for 40 hours. Maximum mean plasma FEN concentration (C ) was 1.84 (ranging from 0.81 to 3.35) ng/mL with average time to maximum concentration (T ) of 12 hours after patch application.
TFP resulted in consistent FEN absorption and plasma concentrations within the human and ovine therapeutic ranges. Pain scores for goats administered TFP were not different than those administered buprenorphine. Ease of administration, duration of analgesia, and decreased dosing frequency make TFPs an attractive option for pain management in goats.
评估透皮芬太尼贴剂（TFP）在山羊中的镇痛特性和药代动力学。
前瞻性随机研究。
大学教学医院的临床前测试设施。
34只成年雌性波尔杂交山羊。
山羊作为同期骨科研究的一部分接受手术。手术前12小时，每只山羊接受一片TFP（目标剂量为2.5μg/kg/h），或一片安慰剂贴剂，并通过布托啡诺（0.01mg/kg，肌肉注射，每6小时一次）提供镇痛。72小时后取下贴剂。在放置TFP后长达84小时的特定时间间隔采集血液样本。使用液相色谱 - 质谱法测定血浆中芬太尼（FEN）浓度。术后疼痛评估由两名独立的盲法观察者进行。
TFP的平均（±标准差，SD）剂量为2.54±0.36μg/kg/h。未发生不良事件。TFP组和布托啡诺组之间在任何时间点的疼痛评分均无显著差异。贴剂应用后2小时的平均血浆FEN浓度（±SD）为1.06±0.85ng/mL，并在40小时内保持高于0.5ng/mL。最大平均血浆FEN浓度（Cmax）为1.84（范围为0.81至3.35）ng/mL，贴剂应用后达到最大浓度的平均时间（Tmax）为12小时。
TFP在人和羊的治疗范围内导致芬太尼吸收和血浆浓度一致。给予TFP的山羊的疼痛评分与给予布托啡诺的山羊无异。给药简便、镇痛持续时间长以及给药频率降低使TFP成为山羊疼痛管理的一个有吸引力的选择。
