Division of Molecular and Metabolic Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
Diabetes Obes Metab. 2017 Sep;19 Suppl 1:22-29. doi: 10.1111/dom.12995.
Insulin secretagogues including sulfonylureas, glinides and incretin-related drugs such as dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists are widely used for treatment of type 2 diabetes. In addition, glucokinase activators and G-protein-coupled receptor 40 (GPR40) agonists also have been developed, although the drugs are not clinically usable. These different drugs exert their effects on insulin secretion by different mechanisms. Recent advances in β-cell signalling studies have not only deepened our understanding of insulin secretion but also revealed novel mechanisms of insulin secretagogues. Clarification of the signalling mechanisms of the insulin secretagogues will contribute to improved drug therapy for diabetes.
胰岛素促泌剂包括磺酰脲类、格列奈类和肠促胰岛素相关药物，如二肽基肽酶 4（DPP-4）抑制剂和胰高血糖素样肽-1 受体激动剂，广泛用于治疗 2 型糖尿病。此外，葡萄糖激酶激活剂和 G 蛋白偶联受体 40（GPR40）激动剂也已被开发出来，尽管这些药物尚未在临床上使用。这些不同的药物通过不同的机制发挥其对胰岛素分泌的作用。β细胞信号研究的最新进展不仅加深了我们对胰岛素分泌的理解，还揭示了胰岛素促泌剂的新机制。阐明胰岛素促泌剂的信号机制将有助于改善糖尿病的药物治疗。
