University of Colorado School of Medicine, 12605 E 16th Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
Dermatol Clin. 2017 Oct;35(4):525-536. doi: 10.1016/j.det.2017.06.015. Epub 2017 Jul 28.
The assessment of melanoma by light microscopy with hematoxylin-eosin staining remains an often subjective process. However, there are additional diagnostic measures that may be of utility, such as immunohistochemical staining and genetic evaluation. Adjunctive genetic assessment to augment the diagnosis of melanoma includes comparative genomic hybridization or fluorescent in situ hybridization to assess for gains or losses in genetic material, or gene expression profiling in some form, to ascertain the expression of genes associated with malignancy. Although these techniques may bolster the dermatopathologic assessment of melanoma, none of them, at the present time, are singularly diagnostic. Additional developments in the genetic assessment and prognostication of melanoma are anticipated.
苏木精-伊红染色的光学显微镜检查评估黑色素瘤仍然是一个常常带有主观性的过程。然而，还有一些可能有用的附加诊断措施，例如免疫组织化学染色和遗传评估。辅助遗传评估以增强黑色素瘤的诊断包括比较基因组杂交或荧光原位杂交，以评估遗传物质的增益或损失，或某种形式的基因表达谱分析，以确定与恶性肿瘤相关的基因的表达。尽管这些技术可能增强黑色素瘤的皮肤病理评估，但目前没有一种技术是单一的诊断方法。预计黑色素瘤的遗传评估和预后将会有更多的发展。
