Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, AP-HP, Tenon Hospital, Paris, France.
Internal Medicine, Tenon Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France.
J Geriatr Oncol. 2018 Jan;9(1):74-80. doi: 10.1016/j.jgo.2017.08.003. Epub 2017 Sep 6.
To compare the prevalence of malnutrition and nutritional management between elderly (≥70years old) and younger patients (<70years) with cancer.
This is a post-hoc analysis of NutriCancer 2012 study; a one-day cross-sectional nationwide survey conducted to assess malnutrition in adult patients with cancer in France. Patients diagnosed with cancer at the study date in both inpatient and outpatient settings were included. Data collection was performed by means of questionnaires completed by the physician, the patient and the caregiver.
This post-hoc analysis compared 578 elderly patients (27.6%) vs. 1517 younger patients (72.4%). There were significant differences in cancer localization between the groups particularly in gastrointestinal cancer (27% in younger patients vs. 42% in elderly), breast cancer (17% vs 8% in elderly) and oropharyngeal (15% vs. 9% in elderly). Weight loss was significantly more reported in the elderly than in younger patients (73.6% vs. 67.6%, p=0.009). Elderly patients were more frequently malnourished than younger patients (44.9% vs. 36.7%, p=0.0006). Food intake was comparable between the groups; however, physicians overestimated the food intake, particularly in the elderly. The malnutrition management was more frequently proposed in elderly, as dietary advice and oral nutritional supplements, than in younger patients; however, enteral nutrition was significantly less undertaken in the elderly.
Malnutrition is prevalent in elderly patients with cancer, and more frequent than in younger patients. There is a need for an early integration of the nutritional counselling in patients with cancer, and particularly in the elderly.
比较老年（≥70 岁）和年轻（<70 岁）癌症患者的营养不良发生率和营养管理情况。
这是 NutriCancer 2012 研究的事后分析；这是一项在法国进行的为期一天的全国性横断面研究，旨在评估成年癌症患者的营养不良情况。在研究日，门诊和住院的癌症患者均被纳入。通过医生、患者和护理人员填写问卷收集数据。
该事后分析比较了 578 名老年患者（27.6%）和 1517 名年轻患者（72.4%）。两组患者的癌症定位存在显著差异，特别是胃肠道癌（年轻患者 27%，老年患者 42%）、乳腺癌（年轻患者 17%，老年患者 8%）和口咽癌（年轻患者 15%，老年患者 9%）。体重减轻在老年患者中明显比年轻患者更常见（73.6%比 67.6%，p=0.009）。老年患者比年轻患者更常出现营养不良（44.9%比 36.7%，p=0.0006）。两组患者的食物摄入量相当；然而，医生高估了老年患者的食物摄入量。与年轻患者相比，老年患者更常接受营养管理，如饮食建议和口服营养补充剂；然而，老年患者的肠内营养明显较少。
癌症老年患者中营养不良很常见，且比年轻患者更常见。需要尽早为癌症患者提供营养咨询，特别是为老年患者提供。
