Ben Ayed Houda, Yaïch Sourour, Ben Jmaa Maïssa, Jedidi Jihene, Ben Hmida Mariem, Trigui Maroua, Kassis Mondher, Karray Raouf, Mejdoub Yosra, Feki Habib, Damak Jamel
Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Hedi Chaker University Hospital, Sfax, Tunisia.
Pediatr Int. 2018 Jan;60(1):76-82. doi: 10.1111/ped.13418. Epub 2017 Nov 20.
The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological profile of childhood respiratory tract diseases (RTD) in the region of Sfax, Tunisia, and to evaluate their trends over a 13 year period.
We conducted a retrospective study of all children hospitalized with RTD aged under 14 years. We collected data from the regional morbidity register of the university hospital of Sfax from 2003 to 2015.
A total of 10 797 RTD patients were enrolled from 49 880 pediatric hospitalizations (21.7%). A male predominance was noted (60%). The median age was 8 months (IQR, 2-36 months). Acute bronchitis (AB) accounted for 53.8%, followed by asthma (15%), pneumonia (14%) and acute upper respiratory infection (AURI; 7.2%). The hospital incidence rate (HIR) of RTD was 34/10 000 inhabitants/year. It was 18.2; 5.07; 4.7 and 2.4/10 000 inhabitants for AB, asthma, pneumonia and AURI, respectively. We noted a significant increase in the HIR of RTD with an annual percentage change (APC) of 10.94% (P < 0.001); in the HIR of AB (APC, 5.27%; P < 0.001); and in asthma HIR (APC, 11.2%; P < 0.001). Otherwise, a significant decrease in AURI HIR was observed (APC, -8.8%; P < 0.001). AB lethality rate increased significantly, with an APC of 7.4% (P < 0.001). Projected trends analysis up to 2024 showed a significant rise in AB and in asthma, while AURI would significantly decrease.
RTD continues to be a serious health problem over time in terms of morbidity and mortality. Preventive and curative strategies are needed urgently.
本研究旨在描述突尼斯斯法克斯地区儿童呼吸道疾病（RTD）的流行病学特征，并评估其在13年期间的变化趋势。
我们对所有14岁以下因RTD住院的儿童进行了一项回顾性研究。我们收集了2003年至2015年斯法克斯大学医院地区发病率登记册中的数据。
在49880例儿科住院病例中，共纳入10797例RTD患者（21.7%）。男性占优势（60%）。中位年龄为8个月（四分位间距，2 - 36个月）。急性支气管炎（AB）占53.8%，其次是哮喘（15%）、肺炎（14%）和急性上呼吸道感染（AURI；7.2%）。RTD的医院发病率（HIR）为34/10000居民/年。AB、哮喘、肺炎和AURI的发病率分别为18.2；5.07；4.7和2.4/10000居民。我们注意到RTD的HIR显著增加，年变化百分比（APC）为10.94%（P < 0.001）；AB的HIR（APC，5.27%；P < 0.001）；以及哮喘的HIR（APC，11.2%；P < 0.001）。此外，观察到AURI的HIR显著下降（APC，-8.8%；P < 0.001）。AB的致死率显著上升，APC为7.4%（P < 0.001）。到2024年的预测趋势分析显示，AB和哮喘将显著上升，而AURI将显著下降。
随着时间的推移，RTD在发病率和死亡率方面仍然是一个严重的健康问题。迫切需要预防和治疗策略。
