Chronic Kidney Disease Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Urology Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Biomark Med. 2017 Sep;11(9):781-797. doi: 10.2217/bmm-2017-0081. Epub 2017 Sep 11.
Membranous nephropathy (MN) is relatively major cause of nephrotic syndrome in adults which is recognized as an organ-specific autoimmune disease. The etiology of most cases is idiopathic, whereas the secondary MN is caused by systemic autoimmune diseases, infections, medications and malignancies. The idiopathic disease is developed by the formation of sub-epithelial immune complex deposits most likely due to binding the circulating auto-antibodies to intrinsic antigen on podocytes. The major auto antibody is the anti-phospholipase A2 receptor (anti-PLA2R), however, it is not enough sensitive. Several attempts for diagnostic biomarker identification by modern analytical technologies have been devoted recently. This article reviews the biomarker candidates for primary type of MN that are detected by different approaches on human subjects.
膜性肾病（MN）是成人肾病综合征的一个相对主要病因，被认为是一种器官特异性自身免疫性疾病。大多数病例的病因是特发性的，而继发性 MN 则由系统性自身免疫性疾病、感染、药物和恶性肿瘤引起。特发性疾病是由上皮下免疫复合物沉积形成的，很可能是由于循环自身抗体与足细胞固有抗原结合所致。主要的自身抗体是抗磷脂酶 A2 受体（抗-PLA2R），但它的敏感性不够。最近，人们利用现代分析技术，尝试了几种鉴定诊断生物标志物的方法。本文综述了通过不同方法在人体研究中检测到的原发性 MN 的生物标志物候选物。
