Cantinotti Massimiliano, Giordano Raffaele, Scalese Marco, Franchi Eliana, Corana Giulia, Assanta Nadia, Maura Crocetti, Marco Marotta, Molinaro Sabrina, Koestenberger Martin, Iervasi Giorgio
Fondazione G. Monasterio CNR-Regione Toscana, Massa and Pisa, Italy.
Adult and Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
J Cardiol. 2018 Feb;71(2):181-186. doi: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2017.07.015. Epub 2017 Oct 12.
The sub-costal examination of the heart is part of routine examination in pediatric echocardiography, and has the advantage to visualize also the infundibulum part of the right ventricle (RV). Despite this fact, currently nomograms for sub-costal RV dimensions are lacking.
We prospectively studied healthy Caucasian Italian children by two-dimensional echocardiography. Measurements included: sub-costal end diastolic basal-apical and latero-lateral diameters, end diastolic and end systolic area, 4 chamber end diastolic and end systolic area and length, end diastolic basal (RV1) and mid-cavity (RV2) diameters. Age, weight, height, heart rate (HR), and body surface area (BSA) were used as independent variables in different analyses to predict the mean values of each measurement. Structured Z scores were then computed. Agreement of RV diameters and areas in subcostal view and 4-chamber view were investigated.
732 subjects (age 0 days-17 years; 48% female; BSA 0.12-2.12 m2) were studied. The Haycock formula was used when presenting data as predicted values (mean ± 2 SDs) for a given BSA and within equations relating echocardiographic measurements to BSA. The predicted values and Z-score boundaries for all measurements are presented. Excellent correlations were found among two-dimensional diameters and area calculated in sub-costal view with those evaluated in 4-chamber view.
We report echocardiographic nomograms for RV diameters and areas measured in the sub-costal view. Our data may implement normative data for 2D echocardiography evaluation of the RV in children.
心脏肋下检查是儿科超声心动图常规检查的一部分，其优势在于还能显示右心室（RV）的漏斗部。尽管如此，目前尚无肋下RV尺寸的列线图。
我们通过二维超声心动图对健康的意大利白种儿童进行了前瞻性研究。测量内容包括：肋下舒张末期基底部 - 心尖部和左右径、舒张末期和收缩末期面积、四腔心舒张末期和收缩末期面积及长度、舒张末期基底部（RV1）和心腔中部（RV2）直径。在不同分析中，将年龄、体重、身高、心率（HR）和体表面积（BSA）用作自变量，以预测每项测量的平均值。然后计算结构化Z分数。研究了肋下视图和四腔视图中RV直径和面积的一致性。
共研究了732名受试者（年龄0天至17岁；48%为女性；BSA 0.12 - 2.12 m²）。在将数据呈现为给定BSA的预测值（平均值±2标准差）时以及在将超声心动图测量值与BSA相关的方程中使用了Haycock公式。给出了所有测量的预测值和Z分数界限。在肋下视图中计算的二维直径和面积与在四腔视图中评估的二维直径和面积之间发现了极好的相关性。
我们报告了肋下视图中测量的RV直径和面积的超声心动图列线图。我们的数据可为儿童RV的二维超声心动图评估补充标准数据。
