Ghanizadeh Hossein, Harrington Kerry C
Institute of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University, PB 11-222, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
AoB Plants. 2017 Jul 29;9(5):plx035. doi: 10.1093/aobpla/plx035. eCollection 2017 Sep.
Evolutionary physiology merges the disciplines of evolution and physiology, and it is a research approach that has not received much attention for studying the development of herbicide resistance. This paper makes a case for using evolutionary physiology more frequently when studying herbicide resistance, and illustrates this using three areas where more work would be useful: (i) the interaction among major and minor alleles over many generations during the evolution of physiological responses that lead to specific mechanisms of resistance; (ii) the role of epigenetic factors, especially at an early stage of evolution, on the physiological modifications that result in phenotypes that become insensitive to herbicides; and (iii) the interaction between fitness and physiological performance over time, with emphasis on understanding mechanisms that improve the fitness of herbicide-resistant phenotypes during selection.
进化生理学融合了进化与生理学两门学科，作为一种研究方法，它在除草剂抗性发展研究方面尚未受到太多关注。本文主张在研究除草剂抗性时更频繁地运用进化生理学，并通过三个更值得深入研究的领域进行阐述：（i）在导致特定抗性机制的生理反应进化过程中，主效和微效等位基因在多代中的相互作用；（ii）表观遗传因素，尤其是在进化早期阶段，对导致除草剂不敏感表型的生理修饰所起的作用；（iii）适应性与生理性能随时间的相互作用，重点是理解在选择过程中提高抗除草剂表型适应性的机制。
