Li Qian, Yuan Ling, Yang Shui-Ping, Cheng Yu-Yuan, Cui Guang-Lin, Huang Jian-Guo
College of Resources and Environment, Chongqing 400716, China.
Henan Nanyang Tobacco Company, Nanyang 473000, China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2016 May;41(10):1803-1810. doi: 10.4268/cjcmm20161007.
In this study, several types of Artemisia annua in soil, including the soil which had not been planted, or planted for one year, or continuously planted for three or five years were collected, in order to study the influences of continuous cropping on the growth of A. annua, content of artemisinin, available nutrient of soil, and bacterial community structure through adopting routine analysis and Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that continuous cropping inhibited significantly the growth of A. annua and reduced leaf biomass, content and yield of artemisinin, with the maximum decreasing amplitude of 30.20%, 7.70% and 35.58% respectively. The content of soil organic matter, available nitrogen, available phosphorus and 16S rRNA sequence number were increased to different extents after continuous cropping of A. annua. According to the results of high-throughput sequencing, 634-812 types of common bacteria belonged to 21 categories were planted in different soil of A. annua with different planting years, which represented that the distribution distance of the point of bacterial community with different years among coordinate system of principal component was relative distant, and community structure had significant changes (P<0.05). As the planting years increased, the abundance of Actinobacteria, Chloroflexi, Gemmatimonadetes decreased in contrast to Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria and Verrucomicrobia. In the top 20 types of predominant bacteria,Nitrospira japonica and Nitrospira disappeared, among which, only Gemmatimonadaceae, Micromonosporaceae, Nitrosomonadaceae, Xanthobacteraceae, and unculture bacterium JG30-KF-AS9 were similar, indicating that the planting and continuous cropping of A. annua selectively inhibited the growth and reproduction of soil bacteria, and influenced the supply and transform of soil nutrient, leading to a poor growth and resulting in reduction of artemisinin content and yield. Therefore, it is necessary to advocate crop rotation in the process of planting A. annua.
本研究采集了土壤中几种类型的青蒿，包括未种植过的土壤、种植一年的土壤、连续种植三年或五年的土壤，通过采用常规分析和Illumina MiSeq高通量测序，研究连作对青蒿生长、青蒿素含量、土壤有效养分及细菌群落结构的影响。结果表明，连作显著抑制了青蒿的生长，降低了叶片生物量、青蒿素含量及产量，最大降幅分别为30.20%、7.70%和35.58%。青蒿连作后，土壤有机质、有效氮、有效磷含量及16S rRNA序列数均有不同程度增加。高通量测序结果显示，不同种植年限的青蒿土壤中种植有634 - 812种属于21类的常见细菌，这表明不同年份细菌群落点在主成分坐标系中的分布距离相对较远，群落结构发生了显著变化（P<0.05）。随着种植年限增加，放线菌门、绿弯菌门、芽单胞菌门的丰度相对于变形菌门、酸杆菌门和疣微菌门有所下降。在20种优势细菌中，日本硝化螺旋菌和硝化螺旋菌消失，其中，只有芽单胞菌科、小单孢菌科、亚硝化单胞菌科、黄色杆菌科和未培养细菌JG30 - KF - AS9相似，表明青蒿的种植和连作选择性地抑制了土壤细菌的生长繁殖，影响了土壤养分的供应和转化，导致生长不良，进而导致青蒿素含量和产量降低。因此，在青蒿种植过程中提倡轮作是必要的。
