Gale Marianne, Hayen Andrew, Truman George, Varma Rick, Forssman Bradley L, MacIntyre C Raina
Public Health Physician, NSW Ministry of Health, North Sydney, New South Wales.
Professor of Public Health, University of Technology, Sydney, New South Wales.
Commun Dis Intell Q Rep. 2017 Jun 30;41(2):E134-E141.
Notification rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) have increased in New South Wales as elsewhere in Australia. Understanding trends in chlamydia and gonorrhoea notifications at smaller geographical areas may assist public health efforts to deliver targeted STI interventions.
Routinely collected disease notification data from 2 local health districts within the greater Western Sydney area were analysed. De-identified notifications of gonorrhoea and chlamydia were extracted for people aged over 15 years during the period 1 January 2003 to 31 December 2013. Sex-specific and age-specific population notification rates for each infection were calculated. Incidence rate ratios were also calculated with age group, sex, year and local government area (LGA) of residence as explanatory variables.
Rates of gonorrhoea and chlamydia increased among males and females over the period. Males had a 4-fold increased risk of gonorrhoea (P<0.0001). Compared with the 30-44 years age group, young people aged 15-29 years had a 70% increased risk of gonorrhoea and a 4-fold increased risk of chlamydia (P values < 0.0001). Chlamydia notifications demonstrated smaller and more uniform annual increases across LGAs compared with gonorrhoea notifications, which appeared more highly clustered.
Analysis of notification rates of chlamydia and gonorrhoea in the greater Western Sydney area suggest that young people aged 15-29 years and residents of particular LGAs are at greater risk of infection. A limitation was the unknown effect of patterns of testing. Nevertheless, these results can support the planning of local sexual health clinical services as well as the design of targeted health promotion interventions.
与澳大利亚其他地区一样，新南威尔士州性传播感染（STIs）的报告率有所上升。了解较小地理区域内衣原体和淋病报告的趋势，可能有助于公共卫生部门开展针对性的性传播感染干预措施。
对大悉尼地区2个地方卫生区定期收集的疾病报告数据进行分析。提取了2003年1月1日至2013年12月31日期间15岁以上人群的匿名淋病和衣原体报告。计算了每种感染的性别和年龄特异性人群报告率。还以年龄组、性别、年份和居住的地方政府区域（LGA）作为解释变量计算了发病率比。
在此期间，男性和女性的淋病和衣原体发病率均有所上升。男性患淋病的风险增加了4倍（P<0.0001）。与30-44岁年龄组相比，15-29岁的年轻人患淋病的风险增加了70%，患衣原体的风险增加了4倍（P值<0.0001）。与淋病报告相比，衣原体报告在各地方政府区域的年度增长较小且更为均匀，淋病报告似乎更为集中。
对大悉尼地区衣原体和淋病报告率的分析表明，15-29岁的年轻人和特定地方政府区域的居民感染风险更高。一个局限性是检测模式的未知影响。尽管如此，这些结果可为当地性健康临床服务的规划以及针对性健康促进干预措施的设计提供支持。
