Allison Katelyn Fleishman, Keenan Karen A, Wohleber Meleesa F, Perlsweig Katherine A, Pletcher Erin R, Lovalekar Mita, Beals Kim, Coleman Lawrence C, Nindl Bradley C
Neuromuscular Research Laboratory, Department of Sports Medicine and Nutrition, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, United States.
Neuromuscular Research Laboratory, Department of Sports Medicine and Nutrition, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, United States.
J Sci Med Sport. 2017 Nov;20 Suppl 4:S85-S90. doi: 10.1016/j.jsams.2017.08.005. Epub 2017 Aug 24.
Women can serve in all military occupational specialties (MOS); however, musculoskeletal and physiological characteristics that predict successful completion of ground combat MOS schools by female Marines are unknown.
To determine which demographic, musculoskeletal, and physiological characteristics predict graduation from infantry and vehicle ground combat MOS schools in female Marines.
Prospective cohort study.
Prior to MOS school, the following were assessed in 62 female Marines (22.0±3.0yrs, 163.9±5.8cm, 63.4±7.2kg): isokinetic shoulder, trunk, and knee and isometric ankle strength; body composition; anaerobic power (AP)/capacity (AC); maximal oxygen uptake (VOmax); and field-based fitness tests (broad jump, medicine ball throw, pro-agility). Both absolute and normalized (%body mass: %BM) values were utilized for strength, AP, AC, and VOmax. Select tests from each Marine's most recent Physical Fitness Test (PFT: abdominal crunches, 3-mile run time) and Combat Fitness Test (CFT: Maneuver Under Fire, Movement to Contact) were recorded. Participants were classified as graduated (N=46) or did not graduate (N=16). Simple logistic regression was performed to determine predictors of MOS school graduation. Statistical significance was set a priori at α=0.05.
Absolute and normalized ankle inversion and eversion strength, normalized anaerobic capacity, absolute and normalized VOmax, right pro-agility, and PFT 3-mile run time significantly predicted MOS school graduation (p<0.05).
Greater ankle strength, better agility, and greater anaerobic and aerobic capacity are important for successful completion of ground combat MOS school in female Marines. Prior to entering ground combat MOS school, it is recommended that female Marines should train to optimize these mobility-centric characteristics.
女性可担任所有军事职业专长（MOS）；然而，预测女性海军陆战队队员成功完成地面战斗MOS学校课程的肌肉骨骼和生理特征尚不清楚。
确定哪些人口统计学、肌肉骨骼和生理特征可预测女性海军陆战队队员从步兵和车辆地面战斗MOS学校毕业。
前瞻性队列研究。
在MOS学校之前，对62名女性海军陆战队队员（22.0±3.0岁，163.9±5.8厘米，63.4±7.2千克）进行了以下评估：等速肩部、躯干和膝盖以及等长踝关节力量；身体成分；无氧功率（AP）/能力（AC）；最大摄氧量（VOmax）；以及基于场地的体能测试（立定跳远、药球投掷、敏捷性测试）。力量、AP、AC和VOmax均使用绝对值和归一化值（%体重：%BM）。记录每名海军陆战队队员最近一次体能测试（PFT：仰卧起坐、3英里跑步时间）和战斗体能测试（CFT：火力下机动、接敌运动）中的部分测试项目。参与者被分为毕业组（N = 46）和未毕业组（N = 16）。进行简单逻辑回归以确定MOS学校毕业的预测因素。统计学显著性预先设定为α = 0.05。
绝对和归一化的踝关节内翻和外翻力量、归一化无氧能力、绝对和归一化VOmax、右侧敏捷性测试以及PFT 3英里跑步时间显著预测了MOS学校毕业（p<0.05）。
更大的踝关节力量、更好的敏捷性以及更大的无氧和有氧能力对于女性海军陆战队队员成功完成地面战斗MOS学校课程很重要。在进入地面战斗MOS学校之前，建议女性海军陆战队队员进行训练以优化这些以机动性为中心的特征。
