工作记忆对注意力缺陷多动障碍个体的功能结局有影响吗：一项定性与全面的文献综述
Does Working Memory Impact Functional Outcomes in Individuals With ADHD: A Qualitative and Comprehensive Literature Review.
作者信息
Fried Ronna, Abrams Jessica, Hall Anna, Feinberg Leah, Pope Amanda, Biederman Joseph
机构信息
1 Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, USA.
2 Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
出版信息
J Atten Disord. 2017 Sep 13;23(13):1592-1599. doi: 10.1177/1087054717730612. Print 2019 Nov 1.
OBJECTIVE
Working Memory (WM) is a domain of executive functioning often impaired in individuals with ADHD. Although assumed to cause difficulties across functioning, the scope of impairments from WM deficits in ADHD has not been investigated. The aim of this study was to examine outcomes associated with WM deficits in ADHD.
METHOD
We conducted a search of the scientific literature on WM deficits, and Freedom From Distractibility (FFD), in ADHD using PubMed and PsycInfo databases.
RESULTS
The final sample included 11 controlled studies of WM/FFD deficits in ADHD with operationalized assessment of outcomes in academic, social, and emotional areas. WM assessment was divided into auditory-verbal memory (AVM) and spatial-visual memory (SWM). Seven studies examined WM deficits in academic functioning, eight studies assessed WM deficits in social functioning, and three assessed WM deficits in psychopathology.
CONCLUSION
The majority of the literature suggests that WM deficits affect primarily academic functioning.
目的
工作记忆（WM）是执行功能的一个领域，在患有注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的个体中常常受损。尽管人们认为它会导致个体在各项功能上出现困难，但ADHD中工作记忆缺陷所导致的损害范围尚未得到研究。本研究的目的是检验与ADHD中工作记忆缺陷相关的结果。
方法
我们使用PubMed和PsycInfo数据库，对关于ADHD中工作记忆缺陷以及注意力不分散（FFD）的科学文献进行了检索。
结果
最终样本包括11项关于ADHD中工作记忆/注意力不分散缺陷的对照研究，这些研究对学术、社交和情感领域的结果进行了可操作化评估。工作记忆评估分为听觉言语记忆（AVM）和空间视觉记忆（SWM）。七项研究考察了工作记忆缺陷对学术功能的影响，八项研究评估了工作记忆缺陷对社交功能的影响，三项研究评估了工作记忆缺陷对精神病理学的影响。
结论
大多数文献表明，工作记忆缺陷主要影响学术功能。
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