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单侧肾切除及代偿性肾生长后大鼠氯化汞诱导的肾毒性

Mercuric chloride-induced nephrotoxicity in the rat following unilateral nephrectomy and compensatory renal growth.

作者信息

Zalups R K, Diamond G L

机构信息

Department of Pharmacology, University of Rochester Medical Center, New York 14642.

出版信息

Virchows Arch B Cell Pathol Incl Mol Pathol. 1987;53(6):336-46. doi: 10.1007/BF02890261.

Abstract

The nephropathy induced by mercuric chloride was assessed in unilaterally nephrectomized (NPX) and sham-operated (SO) rats using histological and urinalysis techniques. This assessment was carried out in order to test whether or not rats are more susceptible to the nephrotoxic effects of mercuric chloride after unilateral nephrectomy and a period allowing for compensatory renal growth. Twelve days after surgery both NPX and SO rats were given a single 1.5, 2.0 or 2.5 mumol/kg dose of mercuric chloride (i.v.). Twenty-four hours after the 1.5 or 2.0 mumol/kg dose of mercuric chloride was administered, cellular and tubular necrosis in the pars recta segments of proximal tubules in the outer medulla was more severe in NPX rats than in SO rats. Moreover, the urinary excretion of a number of cellular enzymes (e.g. lactate dehydrogenase) and plasma solutes (e.g. albumin) was greater in NPX rats than in SO rats. At the 2.5 mumol/kg dose of mercuric chloride, renal tubular damage was quite extensive in both groups of rats; to such an extent that possible differences in renal tubular damage between the NPX and SO rats could not be determined histologically. However, the urinary excretion of alanine aminopeptidase was greater in the NPX rats than in the SO rats. Therefore, based on the aforementioned findings, rats that have undergone and adapted to a reduction in renal mass (i.e. unilateral nephrectomy) appear to be more vulnerable to the nephrotoxic effects of mercuric chloride than rats with two normal kidneys.

摘要

使用组织学和尿液分析技术,对单侧肾切除(NPX)和假手术(SO)大鼠中由氯化汞诱导的肾病进行了评估。进行该评估是为了测试大鼠在单侧肾切除及一段允许代偿性肾生长的时间后,是否对氯化汞的肾毒性作用更敏感。手术后12天,给NPX和SO大鼠静脉注射单次剂量为1.5、2.0或2.5μmol/kg的氯化汞。在给予1.5或2.0μmol/kg剂量的氯化汞24小时后,NPX大鼠外髓质近端小管直部段的细胞和肾小管坏死比SO大鼠更严重。此外,NPX大鼠中多种细胞酶(如乳酸脱氢酶)和血浆溶质(如白蛋白)的尿排泄量比SO大鼠更高。在2.5μmol/kg剂量的氯化汞时,两组大鼠的肾小管损伤都相当广泛;以至于无法通过组织学确定NPX和SO大鼠之间肾小管损伤的可能差异。然而,NPX大鼠中丙氨酸氨基肽酶的尿排泄量比SO大鼠更高。因此,基于上述发现,经历并适应了肾质量减少(即单侧肾切除)的大鼠似乎比具有两个正常肾脏的大鼠更容易受到氯化汞的肾毒性作用。

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