Gorthy Sunita, Narasu Lakshmi, Gaddameedi Anil, Sharma Hari C, Kotla Anuradha, Deshpande Santosh P, Are Ashok K
International Crops Research Institute for Semi-Arid TropicsHyderabad, India.
Department of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological UniversityHyderabad, India.
Front Plant Sci. 2017 Sep 1;8:1494. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01494. eCollection 2017.
Shoot fly ( L. Moench) is a serious pest in sorghum production. Management of shoot fly using insecticides is expensive and environmentally un-safe. Developing host-plant resistance is the best method to manage shoot fly infestation. Number of component traits contribute for imparting shoot fly resistance in sorghum and molecular markers have been reported which were closely linked to QTLs controlling these component traits. In this study, three QTLs associated with shoot fly resistance were introgressed into elite cultivars Parbhani Moti (= SPV1411) and ICSB29004 using marker assisted backcrossing (MABC). Crosses were made between recurrent parents and the QTL donors ., J2658, J2614, and J2714. The Fs after confirmation for QTL presence were backcrossed to recurrent parents and the resultant lines after two backcrosses were selfed thrice for advancement. The foreground selection was carried out in F and BCF generations with 22 polymorphic markers. Forty-three evenly distributed simple sequence repeat markers in the sorghum genome were used in background selection to identify plants with higher recurrent parent genome recovery. By using two backcrosses and four rounds of selfing, six BCF progenies were selected for ICSB29004 × J2658, five BCF progenies were selected for ICSB29004 × J2714 and six BCF progenies were selected for Parbhani Moti × J2614 crosses. Phenotyping of these lines led to the identification of two resistant lines for each QTL region present on chromosome SBI-01, SBI-07 and SBI-10 in ICSB 29004 and Parbhani Moti. All the introgression lines (ILs) showed better shoot fly resistance than the recurrent parents and their agronomic performance was the same or better than the recurrent parents. Further, the ILs had medium plant height, desirable maturity with high yield potential which makes them better candidates for commercialization. In the present study, MABC has successfully improved the shoot fly resistance in sorghum without a yield penalty. This is the first report on the use of MABC for improving shoot fly resistance in post-rainy season sorghum.
高粱芒蝇（L. Moench）是高粱生产中的一种严重害虫。使用杀虫剂防治高粱芒蝇成本高昂且对环境不安全。培育寄主植物抗性是防治高粱芒蝇侵害的最佳方法。有多个组成性状有助于高粱产生抗芒蝇能力，并且已报道了与控制这些组成性状的QTL紧密连锁的分子标记。在本研究中，利用标记辅助回交（MABC）将3个与抗高粱芒蝇相关的QTL导入优良品种帕尔巴尼莫蒂（=SPV1411）和ICSB29004中。轮回亲本与QTL供体J2658、J2614和J2714进行杂交。确认QTL存在后的F1代与轮回亲本回交，两次回交后的后代自交三次以进一步选育。在F1和BCF代利用22个多态性标记进行前景选择。在背景选择中使用高粱基因组中43个均匀分布的简单序列重复标记来鉴定轮回亲本基因组恢复率较高的植株。通过两次回交和四轮自交，为ICSB29004×J2658选择了6个BCF后代，为ICSB29004×J2714选择了5个BCF后代，为帕尔巴尼莫蒂×J2614杂交组合选择了6个BCF后代。对这些品系进行表型分析，在ICSB 29004和帕尔巴尼莫蒂的第1、7和10号染色体上每个QTL区域鉴定出了两个抗性品系。所有导入系（ILs）表现出比轮回亲本更好的抗高粱芒蝇能力，并且它们的农艺性能与轮回亲本相同或更好。此外，导入系植株高度适中，成熟度理想，具有高产潜力，这使其成为商业化的更好候选品种。在本研究中，标记辅助回交成功提高了高粱的抗高粱芒蝇能力且没有产量损失。这是关于在雨季过后的高粱中使用标记辅助回交提高抗高粱芒蝇能力的首次报道。
