Florida State University, 526 Bellamy Building, 113 Collegiate Loop, Tallahassee, FL, 32306-2270.
Florida State University College of Medicine, 1115 W. Call Street, Tallahassee, FL, 32306.
Sleep Health. 2016 Jun;2(2):100-108. doi: 10.1016/j.sleh.2016.02.003. Epub 2016 Apr 4.
To examine the association between everyday discrimination and sleep quality and identify mediating pathways between discrimination and sleep quality.
Longitudinal.
Health and Retirement Study (HRS).
Participants (N = 9223, mean age 66.7 years, 12.8 years of education; 85% White, 12% African American, and 3% another race or ethnicity) who participated in 2006, 2008, 2010, and 2012.
At each assessment, participants completed measures of everyday discrimination, lifetime discrimination, attributions of discrimination, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms, sleep quality, and non-restfulness.
More experiences with everyday discrimination were associated with worse sleep quality (β = 0.048, SE = 0.009, P < .01). When psychological distress was added to this model, the direct effect was lower in both magnitude and significance (β = 0.029, SE = 0.011, P < .05), which indicated partial mediation. Psychological distress also fully mediated the relation between everyday discrimination and non-restfulness (direct effect: β = -0.003, SE = 0.010, ns). Individuals who experienced physical disability-based discrimination had worse sleep quality than those who did not experience this form of discrimination (β = 0.114, SE = 0.029, P < .01); psychological distress fully mediated this relation (direct effect: β = -0.025, SE = 0.031, ns). Among individuals with obesity, psychological distress fully mediated the relation between weight discrimination and sleep quality (direct effect: β = 0.036, SE = 0.025, ns), and partially mediated the relation between weight discrimination and non-restfulness (direct effect: β = 0.049, SE = 0.025, P < .05).
Everyday discrimination and discrimination based specifically on weight or a physical disability were associated with worse sleep quality. The findings suggest that psychological distress may be one pathway through which these experiences are associated with worse sleep.
探讨日常歧视与睡眠质量之间的关系，并确定歧视与睡眠质量之间的中介途径。
纵向研究。
健康与退休研究（HRS）。
参加 2006、2008、2010 和 2012 年研究的 9223 名参与者（平均年龄 66.7 岁，受教育年限 12.8 年；85%为白人，12%为非裔美国人，3%为其他种族或族裔）。
在每次评估中，参与者完成了日常歧视、终身歧视、歧视归因、抑郁症状、焦虑症状、睡眠质量和睡眠不安的测量。
经历更多的日常歧视与睡眠质量较差相关（β=0.048，SE=0.009，P<.01）。当将心理困扰纳入该模型时，其直接效应在幅度和显著性上均降低（β=0.029，SE=0.011，P<.05），表明存在部分中介作用。心理困扰也完全中介了日常歧视与睡眠不安之间的关系（直接效应：β=-0.003，SE=0.010，无统计学意义）。经历基于身体残疾的歧视的个体比没有经历这种歧视形式的个体睡眠质量更差（β=0.114，SE=0.029，P<.01）；心理困扰完全中介了这种关系（直接效应：β=-0.025，SE=0.031，无统计学意义）。在肥胖个体中，心理困扰完全中介了体重歧视与睡眠质量之间的关系（直接效应：β=0.036，SE=0.025，无统计学意义），部分中介了体重歧视与睡眠不安之间的关系（直接效应：β=0.049，SE=0.025，P<.05）。
日常歧视以及基于体重或身体残疾的歧视与睡眠质量较差有关。这些发现表明，心理困扰可能是这些经历与较差睡眠质量相关的一种途径。
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