Kuriyama K, Ohkuma S, Tomono S, Hirouchi M
Dept. of Pharmacology, Kyoto Prefectural Univ. of Med., Japan.
Alcohol Alcohol Suppl. 1987;1:685-9.
Effects of alcohol (ethanol) and acetaldehyde (AcAl) on the metabolism and function of gamma-amino-butyric acid (GABA)ergic and cholinergic systems were investigated using mouse cerebral cortical neurons in primary culture. Exposure to alcohol in vitro had no significant effects on the content of neuroactive amino acids as well as the activities of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), GABA-transaminase (GABA-T), choline acetyltransferase (CAT) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE). In contrast, AcAl showed remarkable reductions of neuroactive amino acids content, and of CAT and AChE activities, but induced no alteration in the activities of GAD and GABA-T. [3H]Flunitrazepam [( 3H]FLN) binding and the stimulatory effect of GABA on [3H]FLN binding were found to be inhibited by in vitro exposure to both alcohol and AcAl, both of which, however, induced no changes in [3H]muscimol binding. These results suggest that the direct actions of AcAl on cholinergic systems in primary cultured neurons may be more potent than those of alcohol. The results described above also suggest that alcohol-induced neurochemical alterations in vivo may be, at least in part, caused by AcAl converted from alcohol in vivo.
使用原代培养的小鼠大脑皮质神经元，研究了酒精（乙醇）和乙醛（AcAl）对γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）能和胆碱能系统代谢及功能的影响。体外暴露于酒精对神经活性氨基酸含量以及谷氨酸脱羧酶（GAD）、GABA转氨酶（GABA-T）、胆碱乙酰转移酶（CAT）和乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）的活性均无显著影响。相比之下，AcAl使神经活性氨基酸含量以及CAT和AChE活性显著降低，但未引起GAD和GABA-T活性的改变。发现体外暴露于酒精和AcAl均会抑制[3H]氟硝西泮[（3H]FLN）结合以及GABA对[3H]FLN结合的刺激作用，然而，二者均未引起[3H]蝇蕈醇结合的变化。这些结果表明，AcAl对原代培养神经元胆碱能系统的直接作用可能比酒精更强。上述结果还表明，酒精在体内诱导的神经化学改变可能至少部分是由体内酒精转化生成的AcAl所引起的。
