Reader Karen L, Stanton Jo-Ann L, Juengel Jennifer L
Department of Anatomy, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
Animal Reproduction, AgResearch Invermay Agricultural Centre, Private Bag 50034, Mosgiel 9053, New Zealand.
Biology (Basel). 2017 Sep 18;6(3):35. doi: 10.3390/biology6030035.
The ability of an oocyte to undergo successful cytoplasmic and nuclear maturation, fertilization and embryo development is referred to as the oocyte's quality or developmental competence. Quality is dependent on the accumulation of organelles, metabolites and maternal RNAs during the growth and maturation of the oocyte. Various models of good and poor oocyte quality have been used to understand the essential contributors to developmental success. This review covers the current knowledge of how oocyte organelle quantity, distribution and morphology differ between good and poor quality oocytes. The models of oocyte quality are also described and their usefulness for studying the intrinsic quality of an oocyte discussed. Understanding the key critical features of cytoplasmic organelles and metabolites driving oocyte quality will lead to methods for identifying high quality oocytes and improving oocyte competence, both in vitro and in vivo.
卵母细胞成功进行细胞质和细胞核成熟、受精及胚胎发育的能力被称为卵母细胞的质量或发育潜能。质量取决于卵母细胞生长和成熟过程中细胞器、代谢物及母体RNA的积累。已采用各种优质和劣质卵母细胞模型来了解发育成功的关键因素。本综述涵盖了目前关于优质和劣质卵母细胞在细胞器数量、分布和形态方面如何不同的知识。还描述了卵母细胞质量模型，并讨论了它们在研究卵母细胞内在质量方面的用途。了解驱动卵母细胞质量的细胞质细胞器和代谢物的关键特征，将有助于找到在体外和体内识别优质卵母细胞及提高卵母细胞潜能的方法。
