Renfree Marilyn B, Fenelon Jane C
School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 3010
The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H8L6.
Development. 2017 Sep 15;144(18):3199-3210. doi: 10.1242/dev.148213.
Embryonic diapause - a period of embryonic suspension at the blastocyst stage - is a fascinating phenomenon that occurs in over 130 species of mammals, ranging from bears and badgers to mice and marsupials. It might even occur in humans. During diapause, there is minimal cell division and greatly reduced metabolism, and development is put on hold. Yet there are no ill effects for the pregnancy when it eventually continues. Multiple factors can induce diapause, including seasonal supplies of food, temperature, photoperiod and lactation. The successful reactivation and continuation of pregnancy then requires a viable embryo, a receptive uterus and effective molecular communication between the two. But how do the blastocysts survive and remain viable during this period of time, which can be up to a year in some cases? And what are the signals that bring it out of suspended animation? Here, we provide an overview of the process of diapause and address these questions, focussing on recent molecular data.
胚胎滞育——胚胎在囊胚阶段暂停发育的时期——是一种引人入胜的现象，发生在超过130种哺乳动物中，从熊、獾到小鼠和有袋动物。它甚至可能发生在人类身上。在滞育期间，细胞分裂极少，新陈代谢大幅降低，发育暂停。然而，当妊娠最终继续时，对妊娠并无不良影响。多种因素可诱导滞育，包括季节性食物供应、温度、光周期和哺乳。妊娠的成功重新激活和继续需要一个有活力的胚胎、一个可接受的子宫以及两者之间有效的分子通讯。但是，囊胚在这段时间（在某些情况下可达一年）是如何存活并保持活力的呢？又是哪些信号使其从假死状态中苏醒过来的呢？在这里，我们概述了滞育过程并探讨这些问题，重点关注最新的分子数据。
